Calendrier du 02 février 2024
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 02/02/2024 de 13:00 à 14:00
R1-09
DESBUREAUX Sebastien (Center for Environmental Economics- Montpellier)
Accelerating the adoption of green technologies in low-income countries: impact and mechanisms for electric cooking in the D.R. Congo
Charcoal remains the primary cooking-fuel of one-third of humanity, with important negative consequences for forests, wildlife and climate change. As access to electricity is steadily increasing, our randomized control trial asks whether electric cooking can become a credible alternative to charcoal in the context of a low-income country, the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We study the impact on the demand for charcoal and mechanisms that could encourage adoption. Our first results show that the adoption of energy-efficient electric cookers lead to a 21% increase in electricity consumption in the 12 months following the start of the experiment, and in a 30% decrease in charcoal consumption after 6 and 12 months. They highlight that it can be profitable for energy distributors to subsidize the initial purchase of a cooker ($80) and reimburse themselves through increased electricity revenues (+$115 over five years using a 10% discount rate) and carbon finance (over 6t CO2eq per cooker, $10-15/t). As credit constraints are a key barrier preventing households to transition towards green, reliable but expensive cooking technologies, such business model has the potential to accelerate the transition towards clean cooking, with important benefits for all beings, whether they are human or not.
Du 02/02/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
Salle R1-14
TBA * ()
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EU Tax Observatory Seminar
Du 02/02/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
Salle R1.14
NAVARRA Elisa (ECARES - Université libre de Bruxelles)
(JOB TALK) The Effects of Corporate Subsidies Along Supply Chains
The increasing use of corporate subsidies by governments worldwide raises concerns about their trade effects. In this paper, I study the effects of corporate subsidies on exports, both direct (in subsidised industries) and indirect (in industries connected through input-output linkages). To this end, I use a unique dataset on all federal subsidies introduced by the United States since 2000. I document that, against multilateral trading rules, only a fraction of these subsidies are notified to the World Trade Organization. To identify causal effects, I exploit exogenous political shocks driven by changes in the identity swing states across electoral terms. I find that politically motivated subsidies foster exports in industries directly and indirectly exposed to them. Employment also increases. Contrary to the existing jurisprudence, the positive effects along supply chains stem from increased investments rather than price suppression. My analysis contributes to the ongoing debate about reforming multilateral trading rules on subsidies by advocating enhanced transparency and a broader interpretation of pass-through effects.
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