Calendrier du 03 avril 2023
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 03/04/2023 de 17:00 à 18:15
Salle R1-09, Campus Jourdan, 75014 Paris
GOTTLIEB Daniel (London School of Economics)
*Market Power and Insurance Coverage
We study how market power affects insurance policies in a general class of models. We show that exclusion is a robust feature of insurance with a monopolistic firm (or when firms have enough market power), but not with perfect competition. However, the reduction in coverage relative to competitive markets is not uniform. While monopolists under-provide coverage for individuals with low willingness to pay, competitive markets under-provide coverage for those with a high willingness to pay to avoid cream skimming by competitors. The welfare comparison between perfectly competitive and monopolistic markets depends on whether the distortion at the extensive margin (higher under monopoly) exceeds the distortion at the intensive margin (higher under competition for those with a high willingness to pay). Using simulations based on an empirical model of preferences, we find that those both of these effects are quantitatively important.
Paris Migration Economics Seminar
Du 03/04/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R1.14, Campus Jourdan
FRATTINI Tommaso (U.Milano)
From Refugees to Citizens: Returns to Naturalization and Labour Market Outcomes
Refugees typically display weaker socio-economic status, lower well-being and a more fragile integration in host country than comparable immigrants. In contrast with this widespread disadvantage, we document that refugees hold the lead among foreign-born citizens in naturalization rates, largely because of the more favourable naturalization requirements that they typically face. We then analyze the labour market returns to naturalization of refugees and other migrants across European countries. We propose an instrumental variable strategy based on differences in eligibility rules across countries, cohorts, and immigrant status to deal with endogenous selection into naturalization. Our estimates point at large returns from citizenship for refugees: naturalized refugees completely fill the gap with comparable migrants in employment and participation. Positive returns on job quality are observed for other migrants
Régulation et Environnement
Du 03/04/2023 de 12:00 à 13:15
Salle R1-09, Campus Jourdan, 75014 Paris
BRICONGNE Jean-Charles(Banque de France)
LIETTI Benjamin(Banque de France)
"Cementing the real-time economic monitoring using satellite infrared images"
"The Covid-19 crisis has demonstrated
the need for alternative data, available in real-time and with global coverage.
In that vein, this paper exploits daily infrared images taken from satellites
to track the economic activity in 42 advanced and developing countries. As
satellite images are an untapped data source in the economic literature so far,
this paper develops an innovative framework to read, clean, and exploit such
data. Specifically, we construct an algorithm based on the laws of physics and
machine learning techniques to detect the heat produced by cement plants in
activity. This allows us to monitor in near real-time (with one day lag) if the
cement plants are functioning. Using this information on more than 500 plants,
we construct a satellite-based index which tracks the activity in the cement
industry in each country. Given the predominant role of cement in construction,
empirical evidence suggests these satellite data significantly improve the
nowcasting of the activity in the construction sector compared to other
alternative indicators (PMI, Google Trends). "