Calendrier du 05 mai 2021
Paris Migration Seminar
Du 05/05/2021 de 17:30 à 18:30
VALETTE Jérôme(Univ.Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne)
KEITA Sekou(IAB)
The Usual Suspects. Offenders' Orign, Media Reporting and Natives' Attitudes Towards Immigration
écrit avec with Thomas Renault
Immigration and crime are two first-order issues that are often considered jointly in people’s minds. This paper analyzes how media reporting policies on crime impact natives’ attitudes towards immigration. We depart from most studies by investigating the content of crime-related articles instead of their coverage. Specifically, we use a radical change in local media reporting on crime in Germany as a natural experiment. This unique framework allows us to estimate whether systematically disclosing the places of origin of criminals affects natives’ attitudes towards immigration. We combine individual survey data collected between January 2014 and December 2018 from the German Socio-Economic Panel with data from more than 545,000 crime-related articles in German newspapers and data on their diffusion across the country. Our results indicate that systematically mentioning the origins of criminals, especially when offenders are natives, significantly reduces natives’ concerns about immigration.
Texte intégral
Du 05/05/2021 de 17:00 à 18:30
via Zoom
DE VICQ Amaury (PSE)
Great Depression and flight-to-safety in the Netherlands
écrit avec Rubens Peeters
Histoire des entreprises et de la finance
Du 05/05/2021 de 17:00 à 18:30
DE VICQ Amaury (PSE)
Great Depression and flight-to-safety in the Netherlands
écrit avec Rubens Peeters
Development Economics Seminar
Du 05/05/2021 de 16:30 à 18:00
Via Zoom
BOUDREAU Laura (Columbia University)
Multinational enforcement of labor law: Experimental evidence from Bangladesh’s apparel sector
Western stakeholders are increasingly demanding that multinationals sourcing from developing countries be accountable for working conditions upstream in their supply chains. In response, many multinationals privately enforce labor standards in these countries, but the effects of their interventions on local firms and workers are unknown. I partnered with 29 multinational retail and apparel firms to enforce local labor laws on their suppliers in Bangladesh. I implemented a field experiment with 84 garment factories, randomly enforcing a mandate for safety committees. The intervention increases compliance with the law and improves measures of safety. My findings are consistent with a model of imperfect monitoring in which MNCs provide positive penalties for noncompliance. These improvements do not appear to come at significant costs to suppliers in terms of efficiency. Factories with better managerial practices drive the improvements, while those with poor practices do not improve, and in these factories, workers’ job satisfaction declines.
Economic History Seminar
Du 05/05/2021 de 12:30 à 14:00
Via Zoom
BENGTSSON Erik (Lund University)
The Declining Salience of the Wage Bargaining Round in Sweden since the1960s: Distribution, Hegemony, and Political Economy
The hypothesis and starting point of the paper is that in a society where the more or less centralized bargaining round between unions and employers is a major event every or every second year, as it was in Sweden from the 1950s to the 1980s, the social nature of the distribution of income is constantly highlighted. Demands from the one side are put against demands from the other side, representatives make statements in support of their case. There is a public argumentation, regularly occurring, on who should get what. Employees and employers both contribute to output, and both deserve a share of the pie. In contrast, in a society where the bargaining round is a non-event, income distribution is depoliticized. As Wolfgang Streeck has pointed out in Gekaufte Zeit, an asymmetry appears: the demands of capital appear as impersonal “demands for the functioning of the system as a whole”, while the demands of workers appear as disturbances in the system. The paper studies the media coverage of wage bargaining rounds in Sweden in the 1960s and 2000s, focusing on the leading (liberal) daily newspaper Dagens Nyheter. Comparing the coverage of the 1962 and 1964 wage rounds and the 2004, 2007 and 2010 wage rounds, the difference is clear in that the unions and employers in the 1960s are depicted as masters of their universe, while in the 2000s they are depicted as functionaries who should (must) follow the lead of the central bank and the commercial banks. Thus even if the Swedish wage bargaining system in some ways is quite similar in the 2000s compared to the 1960s – union density is about the same, and coordination of wage bargaining similar if a bit more decentralized – the functioning and outcomes of the bargaining system is very different in the 2000s compared to the 1960s. I discuss the implications for class identification, political cleavages, and inequality.