Calendrier du 08 juin 2020
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 08/06/2020 de 17:00 à 18:30
salle R1-09, campus Jourdan - 75014 Paris
MATHEVET Laurent (New York University)
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Paris Migration Seminar
Du 08/06/2020 de 16:00 à 17:30
https://zoom.us/meeting/register/tJYpdeutqTwpHdcFjYewvoIrNE0N6d4o-uJB
ESCAMILLA-GUERRERO David(Pembroke College University of Oxford)
SANT ANNA Vinicios(University of Illinois)
JUNIOR SEMINAR: Migrant self-selection in the presence of random shocks. Evidence from the Panic of 1907
Texte intégral
Régulation et Environnement
Du 08/06/2020 de 14:00 à 15:00
online
CHABE-FERRET Sylvain (TSE)
Water Quality, Policy Diffusion Effects and Farmers' Behavior
The nitrogen cycle is one of the most perturbed geo-chemical cycles on earth. Human activity, mainly through intensive farming, releases nitrogen by-products such as nitrates and ammonium in the environment where they have wide ranging impacts on human health, biodiversity and climate change. One of the earliest and most ambitious regulation of nitrogen use in the world is the EU Nitrate Directive. The EU Nitrate Directive not only sets limitations on the amount and timing of application of nitrogen but also imposes the adoption of modern tools of nitrogen management in an effort to enhance nitrogen use efficiency. We leverage the geographical and temporal variation in the implementation of the Nitrate Directive to estimate its causal effects on water quality and biodiversity, and on farmers' practices, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, productivity and profits in a Difference In Difference (DID) framework. We modify the DID estimator to account for the existence of diffusion effects along river streams and for the non-point source nature of pollution by nitrates. We find that the EU Nitrate Directive reduced the concentration of nitrates in surface water by 1.23 milligrams per liter, a decrease of 8%. We find a clear dose-response relationship, with higher impacts where more of the upstream area is covered by the Directive. We also find that other biochemical indicators, as well as biodiversity, as measured by the number of fish and fish species, also improved thanks to the Directive. In ongoing work, we find suggestive evidence that the Directive managed to improve farmers' nitrogen use efficiency and productivity and did not decrease their profits.
GSIELM (Graduate Students International Economics and Labor Market) Lunch Seminar
Du 08/06/2020 de 13:00 à 14:00
Join Zoom Meeting: https://zoom.univ-paris1.fr/j/92350573618?pwd=N0lvdlJETG1zR295MGg0NzB6NlAzZz09 Meeting ID: 923 5057 3618 Password: 986325
ALVAREZ Bastien (CEPS, ENS)
European Integration and the Trade-off between Offshoring and Immigration
écrit avec Enxhi Tresa (THEMA, CY Cergy Paris Université)
This paper investigates the link between East-West migration flows in Europe and global value chains (GVCs) after the 2004 European enlargement. We combine data from the European Labor Force Survey with the World Input-Output Database to provide evidence of substitution between employing immigrant workers and production offshoring in Europe after the EU enlargement of 2004. Our identification relies on the staggering of the opening of Western Europe labour markets to Eastern Europeans workers and on an instrumental variable, hence tackling potential endogeneity in the trade-migration relationship.
We find that Western European sectors with larger post-liberalization migration shocks import less intermediate goods from Eastern Europe. This effect mostly concerns the immigration of low skilled workers. We explain that once the movement of labor restrictions were removed, it became relatively easier than before for firms to import workers rather than goods. This resulted in an increased presence of low occupation Eastern European workers in Western Europe and lower offshoring, ceteris paribus.
This work is, to our knowledge, the first to provide evidence regarding the effect of the removal of freedom of movement restrictions in Europe on global value chains. We also to contribute to the literature by looking at the trade-migration relationship at the sector and occupation level.