Calendrier du 08 juin 2023
PEPES (Paris Empirical Political Economics) Working Group
Du 08/06/2023 de 12:30 à 14:00
Salle R2.01, Campus Jourdan
MAKARIN Alexey (MIT)
Production Networks and War: Evidence from Ukraine (with Vasily Korovkin and Yuhei Miyauchi)
We study how large exogenous shocks affect countries and regions through the disruption and reorganization of production networks. We develop a sufficient statistics approach for measuring a shock's impact on welfare that holds regardless of the microfoundation of endogenous production network formation. Using unique firm-to-firm railway shipment data within Ukraine, we apply our framework to quantify the propagation effects of the 2014 Russia-Ukraine conflict. We find large disruption of production linkages to and from direct conflict areas, which are imperfectly substituted by linkages strictly outside the conflict areas. In a difference-in-differences framework, we document a strong negative relationship between changes in regional welfare following the conflict, as measured by our sufficient statistics, and the degree of supplier and buyer exposure that regions had to the conflict-affected areas. Our results show that the conflict led to a 17% reduction in welfare for an average district, compared to districts without supplier and buyer conflict exposure. This empirical evidence provides insight into why localized conflicts within a country or region often have far-reaching detrimental consequences for the broader economy.
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 08/06/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R1-10, Campus Jourdan, 75014 Paris
GHOSH Rajarshi (ESSEC)
*Quadratically Normalized Utilitarian Voting
écrit avec Marcus Pivato
Most efficient voting mechanisms assume quasi-linear preferences of the voters and require them to express the intensity of their preferences using money (e.g. by bidding or buying votes). Moreover, mechanisms in the current literature that use an artificial currency instead can only be applied to multiple simultaneous binary decisions. We propose a new mechanism named "Quadratically Normalized Utilitarian Voting" which does not use money to buy votes, does not assume quasi-linearity of the voters' utilities, and can be used for single propositions. We show that voters vote in proportion to their true utility for an alternative in all Nash Equilibria and that the mechanism maximizes a weighted utilitarian social welfare function at each such equilibrium.
brown bag Travail et Économie Publique
Du 08/06/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-09
SIRUGUE Louis (PSE)
To become or not to become French: The consequences of costly naturalization
We examine the effect of changing naturalization costs on the choice of second-generation migrants to become French. We exploit the 1997 reform that abolished the military service for men born after 1978. Using a difference-in-differences approach, we find that a decrease in the costs of naturalization led to an increase in its take-up. We find that this effect is mainly driven by low-educated Europeans for whom the military service cost is binding. There is no effect on non-Europeans in line with their higher perceived benefits, and lower effect on the higher-educated for whom the military service is less strenuous. Exploiting the shock in an instrumental variable setting, we find large positive effects of naturalization on labor market outcomes.
Behavior seminar
Du 08/06/2023 de 11:00 à 12:00
R1-09
NEBOUT Antoine (INRAE, PSAE)
What You Eat is What You Are: Risk Attitude, Time Preference, and Diet Quality
écrit avec Antoine Nebout ,Emmanuel Kemel, Florent Vieux , Sandrine Péneau, Nicole Darmon, Noemi Berlin , Emmanuel Paroissien
This paper explores the relationships between overall diet quality and attitudes
toward risk and time in a general population survey. Our survey combines (i) a stateof-
the-art food frequency questionnaire with (ii) a choice-based preference module to
elicit individual risk and time preferences. We conduct this survey on a representative
sample of the French population. Using a Hierarchical Bayes framework, we jointly
estimate individual risk aversion and impatience parameters. We show that risk and
time preferences signi cantly explain the individual heterogeneity in key aspects of
diet quality, even after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. We nd that
more impatient and more risk-seeking individuals have a poorer overall diet quality,
that more impatient individuals have a higher daily energy intake, and that more
risk-seeking individuals consume more alcohol.