Calendrier du 14 décembre 2017
Travail et économie publique externe
Du 14/12/2017 de 12:30 à 13:45
BEST Michael (Columbia University)
Individuals and Organizations as Sources of State Effectiveness, and Consequences for Policy Design
How much of the variation in state effectiveness is due to the individuals and organizations responsible
for implementing policy? We investigate this question and its implications for policy design
in the context of public procurement, using a text-based product classification method to measure bureaucratic
output. We show that effective procurers lower bid preparation/submission costs, and that
60% of within-product purchase-price variation across 16 million purchases in Russia in 2011-2015 is
due to the bureaucrats and organizations administering procurement processes. This has dramatic
policy consequences. To illustrate these, we study a ubiquitous procurement policy: bid preferences
for favored firms (here domestic manufacturers). The policy decreases overall entry and increases
prices when procurers are effective, but has the opposite impact with ineffective procurers, as predicted
by a simple endogenous-entry model of procurement. Our results imply that the state’s often
overlooked bureaucratic tier is critical for effectiveness and the make-up of optimal policies.
Du 14/12/2017 de 12:30 à 13:30
salle R2-20, campus Jourdan - 48 bd Jourdan, 75014 Paris
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 14/12/2017 de 12:30 à 13:30
salle R2-20, campus Jourdan - 48 bd Jourdan 75014 Paris
ELLISON Sara (MIT)
Match Quality, Search, and the Internet Market for Used Books
écrit avec joint with S. Ellison
Abstract : This paper examines the effect of the Internet on markets in which match-quality is
important, including an analysis of the market for used books. A model in which sellers of
unusual objects wait for high-value buyers to arrive brings out match quality and competition
eects through which improved search technologies may increase both price dispersion
and social welfare. A reduced-form empirical analysis nds support for a number of more
nuanced predictions of the model in the context of the used book market, exploiting both
cross-sectional dierences across books and time-series dierences in the wake of Amazon's
acquisition and incorporation of a large used book marketplace. The paper develops a
framework for structural estimation of a model based on the theory. The estimates suggest
that the shift to Internet sales substantially increased both seller prots and consumer
Surplus.
Behavior seminar
Du 14/12/2017 de 11:00 à 12:00
48, bld Jourdan PARIS (75014) salle R2-21
PONTHIÈRE Grégory ()
The Domestic Welfare Loss of Syrian Civil War: An Equivalent Income Approach
This paper uses an equivalent income approach to quantify the domes- tic welfare loss due to the Syrian Civil War. Focusing on the (income, life expectancy) space, we show that the equivalent income has fallen by about 60 % in comparison to the pre-conáict level. We also Önd that the di§er- ential between the equivalent income and the standard income for 2016 lies between $75 and $144. Although this low willingness to pay for com- ing back to pre-conáict survival conditions can be explained by extreme poverty due to the War, the small gap between standard and equivalent incomes tends to question the extra value brought by the latter for the measurement of standards of living in situations of severe poverty. We examine some solutions to that puzzle, including a more general speciÖ- cation of the utility function, the shift from an ex ante approach (valuing changes in life expectancy) to an ex post approach (valuing changes in dis- tributions of realized longevities), as well as considering population ethical aspects. None of those solutions is fully successful in solving the puzzle.
Behavior Working Group
Du 14/12/2017 de 10:00 à 11:00
salle R1-10, campus Jourdan - 48 bd Jourdan 75014 Paris
ARRONDEL Luc(PSE)
LASLIER Jean-François(CNRS-PSE)
DUHAUTOIS Richard(CNAM)
The shooter anxiety at the penalty kick