Calendrier du 16 novembre 2020
Paris Migration Seminar
Du 16/11/2020 de 17:30 à 18:20
PORCHER Charly (Dartmouth College)
Migration with Costly Information
Information is critical for migration decisions. Yet, depending on where they reside and who they interact with, individuals may face different costs of accessing information about employment opportunities. How does this imperfect and heterogeneous information structure affect the spatial allocation of economic activity and welfare? I develop a quantitative dynamic model of migration with costly information acquisition and local information sharing. Rationally inattentive agents optimally acquire more information about nearby locations and learn about other locations from the migrants around them. I apply this model to internal migration in Brazil and estimate it using migration flows between regions. To illustrate its quantitative implications, I evaluate the counterfactual effects of the roll-out of broadband internet in Brazil. By allowing workers to make better mobility choices, expanding internet access increases average welfare by 1.6%, reduces migration flows by 1.2% and reduces the cross-sectional dispersion in earnings by 4%.
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 16/11/2020 de 17:00 à 18:00
online
KATTWINKEL Deniz (University College London )
Probabilistic Verification in Mechanism Design
écrit avec Ian Ball
We introduce a model of probabilistic verification into the standard mechanism design setting. The principal verifies the agent's type using a statistical test. The result of the test is stochastic; its distribution depends on the agent's true type. The principal commits to a mechanism that assigns a test to each message and then a decision based on the test result. In our framework, the revelation principle holds. We characterize whether each type can be identified with a test. If so, the principal's problem becomes an optimization subject to incentive constraints. Under quasilinear preferences, we solve for revenue-maximizing mechanisms by introducing a new expression for the virtual value that reflects the precision of the tests.
Texte intégral
GSIELM (Graduate Students International Economics and Labor Market) Lunch Seminar
Du 16/11/2020 de 13:00 à 14:00
https://zoom.univ-paris1.fr/j/92734307077?pwd=dHNLZXVtODJzbVVheURuc1d1UWxkQT09
KöGEL Clara (OECD)
Keeping up with the frontier: The effects of financial frictions and intangible capital on technology diffusion
écrit avec Flavio Calvino (OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation), Rudy Verlhac (OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation)
Using cross-country data firm-level panel data for 17 OECD countries from 2000 to 2015, this paper explores the effect of finance and intangible assets on the productivity gap and the technology diffusion. It argues that investment in intangibles are closely linked to technology diffusion, but that due to their specific characteristics, such as valuation uncertainty and lower pledgeability, financing the purchase of intangible assets is more difficult than that of tangible assets. The analysis relies on a dynamic panel approach, including firm level measures of technology diffusion, financial frictions, and intangible capital. We find that both financial frictions and intangible capital affect the productivity gap to the technology frontier. We also provide evidence that financial frictions hinder technology diffusion, particularly in financially dependent sectors and through the channel of investments in intangible assets. This sheds light for a possible mechanism of the slowdown in technology diffusion, experienced by many advanced economies.
Régulation et Environnement
Du 16/11/2020 de 12:00 à 13:00
https://zoom.us/j/98281389413?pwd=cWxiVzVPdVdCYm1Ec2pDcDYybk5tQT09
ESPINOSA Romain (CNRS)
Moderate vs. Radical NGOs
NGOs often vary in terms of how radical they are. In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of NGO discourses in bringing about social change. We focus on animal advocacy: welfarist NGOs primarily seek to improve the conditions in which animals are raised and reduce meat consumption, while abolitionist NGOs categorically reject animal use and call for a vegan society. We design an experiment to study the respective impact of welfarist and abolitionist discourses on participants’ beliefs regarding pro-meat justifications and their actions, namely their propensity to engage in the short-run in animal welfare (charity donation, petition against intensive farming) and plant-based diets (subscription to a newsletter promoting plant-based diets, petition supporting vegetarian meals). We first show that both welfarist and abolitionist discourses significantly undermine participants’ pro-meat justifications. Second, the welfarist discourse does not significantly affect participants’ actions, while we detect a potential backlash effect of the abolitionist discourse. We show that the NGOs’ positive standard effect on actions through the change in beliefs is outweighed by a negative behavioral response to the discourses (reactance effect). Last, greater public-good contributions are associated with greater engagement in animal welfare in the presence of an NGO discourse.