Calendrier du 20 avril 2023
Macroeconomics Seminar
Du 20/04/2023 de 16:00 à 17:15
On Zoom.
DEW-BECKER Ian (Northwestern University)
Junior Research Prize Award: Tail Risk in Production Network
Texte intégral
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 20/04/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R1-14, Campus Jourdan, 75014 Paris
AGRANOV Marina (Caltech)
*"Information Aggregation on Networks: an Experimental Study"
écrit avec joint work with Ben Gillen and Dotan Persitz
We study the impact of network architecture on the efficiency of information transmission and dynamics of learning in large networks using laboratory experiments. While the theoretical literature has recently made progress in identifying the geometric features of networks that enable the flow of information and those that impede it, the empirical literature lags behind. Our project will fill this gap by designing a novel interface that allows studying the interplay between network architecture and information diffusion in large networks in a controlled laboratory environment. In particular, we address the following questions: How do network structures affect the likelihood of reaching a consensus? Conditional on reaching the consensus, how likely agents are to choose the correct action? How fast convergence occurs? Is it possible at all to observe consensus in large networks? Is it possible to observe connected networks in which agents agree to disagree?
PEPES (Paris Empirical Political Economics) Working Group
Du 20/04/2023 de 12:30 à 14:00
Salle R1.15, Campus Jourdan
PERSSON Torsten (IIES)
The Political Economics of Green Transitions" (with Tim Besley). I attach the latest version of this paper
Reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases may be almost impossible without
a green transition—a substantial transformation of consumption and production
patterns. To study such transitions, we propose a dynamic model, which differs
from the common approach in economics in two ways. First, consumption patterns
reflect not just changing prices and taxes, but changing values. Transitions of
values and technologies create a dynamic complementarity that can help or hinder
a green transition. Second, and unlike fictitious social planners, policy makers in
democratic societies cannot commit to future policy paths, as they are subject
to regular elections. We show that market failures and government failures can
interact to prevent a welfare-increasing green transition from materializing or
make an ongoing green transition too slow. JEL Codes: D72, D91, Q58.
brown bag Travail et Économie Publique
Du 20/04/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-09
DOUSSET Léa (PSE)
Women Under-Representation in Mathematics Studies and Careers: Historical Evidence from the Abrogation of Gender Quotas
écrit avec Georgia Thebault
Nowadays, women outnumber men in higher education, but they remain strongly underrepresented in maths-intensive fields, especially among the most competitive institutions. This difference in enrolment partly explains the gender pay gap. We show that a gender quota system could mitigate this phenomenon, using unique hand-collected historical data from 1969 to 2009 on the entrance exam to one of the most competitive elite graduate schools in France, the École normale supérieure (ENS). Before 1986, there were two single-gender schools and entrance exams, which was equivalent to a gender quota system. We document that the merger of the two schools and the introduction of mixed competition led to (i) a sharp fall in the share of female candidates admitted to the mathematics department, from 39 % on average over the ten years before the merger to 9 % on average over the twenty years that followed it, (ii) a decrease in the share of female candidates to
the entrance exam, (iii) and a change in the composition of the female candidates pool. We unveil a detrimental shying-away mechanism for female candidates. As the ENS mostly leads to high-level academic careers in France, we also explore the detrimental effect of ending these gender quotas on the gender gap in teaching and research careers for affected students
Behavior seminar
Du 20/04/2023 de 11:00 à 12:00
R2-21
PONTHIÈRE Grégory ()
Epictetusian Rationality
According to Epictetus, mental freedom and happiness can be achieved
by distinguishing between, on the one hand, things that are upon our con-
trol (our acts, opinions and desires), and, on the other hand, things that
are not upon our control (our body, property, offices and reputation), and
by wishing for nothing that is outside our control. This article proposes
two accounts of Epictetus’s precept: the I account of Epictetus’s precept
requires indifference between outcomes differing only on circumstances,
whereas the IB account requires indifference between outcomes involving
the best replies to circumstances. We study the implications of these
precepts on the preference relation and on the existence of Epictetusian
rationality. The I account implies that the preference relation satisfies in-
dependence of circumstances, whereas the IB account implies robustness
to dominated alternatives. Unlike the IB account, the I account rules out
(counter)adaptive preferences. Finally, when examining game-theoretical
implications of Epictetusian rationality, we show that the two accounts of
Epictetus’s precept exclude the existence of prisoner’s dilemmas.