Calendrier du 21 mai 2024
Virtual Development Economics Seminar
Du 21/05/2024 de 17:00 à 18:00
Zoom
CORNO Lucia ((Cattolica University and CEPR))
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PSI-PSE (Petit Séminaire Informel de la Paris School of Economics) Seminar
Du 21/05/2024 de 17:00 à 18:00
R1-14
SANTOS-CáRDENAS Daniela (PSE)
What Women Want: Misperceived Preferences in the Marriage Market
Paris Trade Seminar
Du 21/05/2024 de 14:30 à 16:00
PSE, 48 boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, salle R2-01
JUHASZ Reka (UBC)
The Who, What, When, and How of Industrial Policy: A Text-Based Approach
écrit avec Nathan Lane, Emily Oehlsen and Verónica C. Pérez
Since the 18th century, policymakers have debated the merits of industrial policy
(IP). Yet, economists lack basic facts about its use. This study sheds light on
industrial policy by measuring and studying global policy practice for the first
time. We first create an automated classification algorithm for categorizing
industrial policy practice from text. We then apply it to a global database of
commercial policy descriptions and quantify policy use at the country, industry,
and year levels (2009-2020). These data allow us to study fundamental policy
patterns across the world. We highlight four findings. First, IP is common (25%
of policies in our database) and has expanded since 2010. Second, instead of
blunt tariffs, IP is granular and technocratic. Countries tend to use subsidies
and export promotion measures, often targeted at individual firms. Third, the
countries engaged most in IP tend to be wealthier (top income quintile) liberal
democracies. In our data, IP is rarer among the poorest nations (bottom quintile).
Fourth, IP is targeted toward a subset of industries and is highly correlated with
an industry’s revealed comparative advantage. We show that industrial policy is
a prominent feature of the global economy and a far cry from industrial policies
of the past.
Texte intégral
STEP (Seminar of Trade Economists in Paris)
Du 21/05/2024 de 13:00 à 14:00
R1-13
BOEHM Johannes (IHEID)
Trade and the End of Antiquity
écrit avec Thomas Chaney
What caused the end of antiquity, the shift of economic activity away from the Mediterranean towards Northern Europe? Henri Pirenne (1939) proposes that it was caused by the disruption of trade linkages following the Arab conquests of Northern Africa and Iberia by the Arabs and the associated loss of Byzantine naval power in the Western Mediterranean. To test the ‘Pirenne Thesis’ we assemble a large database of coin flows between the 4th and 10th century which we study through the lens of a dynamic gravity model of trade. Coins gradually diffuse alongside trade linkages. Coins contain information on the date and place of minting, which allows us to reconstruct trade flows from data on the spatial and temporal distribution of coins found in coin hoards. We estimate changes in trade costs arising from changing political and religious borders following the Arab conquests. Border effects can explain the relative decline of the eastern Mediterranean, but not the increased urbanization in Muslim Spain and in the Frankish lands. These patterns can be explained when we further account for technological change and for increased mint output. The estimated model points to the large effects that geopolitical changes can have by disrupting long-distance trade.
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 21/05/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.21
CHIOCCHETTI Alice ()
The Global Allocation of Extractive Windfalls
écrit avec Ninon Moreau-Kastler
Profits of oil, gas and mining companies are strongly linked to commodity prices, but little is known on how those windfall profits are distributed between corporations and states. To answer this question, we build a new dataset covering a large share of tax payments made by extractive firms worldwide by combining all mandatory reports on their tax payments. Using this new dataset, we estimate that a 1% increase in commodity prices results in a 0.45% increase in fiscal windfalls for states, with significant heterogeneity across types of payments and countries. In a second part, we investigate how fluctuations in profits arising from commodity price changes are distributed worldwide using a multi-country unconsolidated firm-level database matched with production data covering a large number of extractive firms from 2012 to 2022. We find that the profits of subsidiaries located in tax havens are more elastic to changes in commodity prices compared to other subsidiaries.