Calendrier du 29 juin 2023
Du 29/06/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-15
KRAFT Matthew (Brown University)
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Travail et économie publique externe
Du 29/06/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-15
CABRAL Marika (University of Texas)
Trauma at School: The Impacts of Shootings on Students’ Human Capital and Economic Outcomes
écrit avec Bokyung Kim, Maya Rossin-Slater, Molly Schnell and Hannes Schwandt
We examine how shootings at schools—an increasingly common form of gun violence in the United States—impact the educational and economic trajectories of students. Using linked schooling and labor market data in Texas from 1992 to 2018, we compare within-student and across-cohort changes in outcomes following a shooting to those experienced by students at matched control schools. We find that school shootings increase
absenteeism and grade repetition; reduce high school graduation, college enrollment, and college completion; and reduce employment and earnings at ages 24–26. We further find school-level increases in the number of leadership staff and reductions in retention among teachers and teaching support staff in the years following a shooting. The adverse impacts of shootings span student characteristics, suggesting that the economic costs of
school shootings are universal.
Texte intégral
Behavior seminar
Du 29/06/2023 de 11:00 à 12:00
R2-20
HERR Annika (Institute of Health Economics, Leibniz University Hannover)
Market Concentration and Prescribing Behaviour in Primary Care
écrit avec David Probst and Nils Gutacker
A significant proportion of primary care expenditures arise from the prescription of drugs, with physicians having some degree of autonomy in deciding whether and which drug to choose for a particular patient. While medical reasons and guidelines primarily influence these decisions, economic factors may also play a role. Given the ongoing trend of practice mergers or closures in the English NHS over several decades, we investigate the per-patient prescribing volume and costs in increasingly concentrated markets. We employ quarterly data from 2015 to 2019 for 7,300 practices in the English national health system. Concentration is evaluated using a population-weighted Herfindahl-Hirschman Index that is based on predicted patient flows rather than observed ones to address endogeneity concerns. Our findings suggest that greater market concentration leads to a reduction in total drug prescriptions and their associated costs, particularly for generics and over-the-counter drugs. However, the concentration effect does not appear to influence primary care prescriptions for insulin. Therefore, the impact is more significant for drugs that allow GPs greater discretion in their prescribing behavior.