Calendrier du mois de janvier 2024
JOB MARKET
Du 31/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:45
R2-21
ONUCHIC Paula (OXFORD UNIVERSITY)
Disclosure and incentives in teams
Paula ONUCHIC (Oxford University)
Wednesday, January 31th, R2-21, 12.30pm-1.45pm
Microeconomics; Theory
"Disclosure and incentives in teams"
Economic History Seminar
Du 31/01/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1.09
CASSIER Maurice (CNRS, Cermes3)
Il y a des alternatives: pour une autre histoire des médicaments (XIXe-XXIe siècles) (Seuil, 2023)
Ce livre porte sur l’histoire du médicament et sur l’histoire de la propriété intellectuelle, et il montre qu’il n’y a pas de fatalité à la monopolisation des industries de santé par quelques grands laboratoires pharmaceutiques. Il se propose de rouvrir l’espace des possibles pour inventer et produire des médicaments sans monopole, en limitant et en maitrisant les profits, en instaurant une profitabilité sociale et en s’émancipant des exclusivités de marché. D’une certaine manière, l’histoire du médicament est une histoire des alternatives à la propriété exclusive et aux monopoles. Ces utopies pharmaceutiques, en termes de partage des technologies pour inventer des biens publics ou communs, sont aussi anciennes que l’invention des droits de propriété intellectuelle à la fin du 18ème siècle. C’est précisément l’objet de ce livre d’en faire l’histoire et d’en inventorier les types. Ces alternatives sont expérimentées dans un contexte où les droits intellectuels sont incomplets dans la période 1790-1950, puis dans un contexte de globalisation croissante des brevets, particulièrement depuis les années 1990.
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 30/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.21
WEBB Duncan (PSE)
Silence to Solidarity: Using Group Dynamics to Reduce Anti-Transgender Discrimination in India
Individual-level discrimination is often attributed to deep-seated prejudice that is difficult to change. But at the societal level, we sometimes observe rapid reductions in discriminatory preferences, suggesting that communication about a minority might drive such shifts. I examine whether discrimination can be reduced by two types of communication about a minority: (i) horizontal communication between majority-group members, or (ii) top-down communication from agents of authority (e.g., the legal system). I run a field experiment in urban India (N=3,397) that measures discrimination against a marginalized community of transgender people. Participants are highly discriminatory: in a control condition, they sacrifice 1.9x their daily food expenditure to avoid hiring a transgender worker to deliver groceries to their home. But horizontal communication between cisgender participants sharply reduces discrimination: participants who were earlier involved in a group discussion with two of their neighbors no longer discriminate on average, even when making private post-discussion choices. This effect is 1.7x larger than the effect of top-down communication, informing participants about the legal rights of transgender people. The discussion’s effects are not driven by virtue signalling or correcting a misperceived norm. Instead, participants appear to persuade each other to be more pro-trans, partly because pro-trans participants are the most vocal in discussions.
JOB MARKET
Du 29/01/2024 de 13:00 à 14:15
R2-21
BEIGELMAN Marie (ETH Zurich)
Impact of Enslavement Conditions on Families
Monday, January 29th, R2-21, 1pm-2.15pm
Development, Political Economy, and Economic History
"Impact of Enslavement Conditions on Families"
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 26/01/2024 de 13:00 à 14:00
R1-09
PAREDES-CASTRO Héctor (PSE)
*
Du 25/01/2024 de 16:00 à 17:00
R1.14
VIALLET - THEVENIN Scott ()
"Le réseau des grandes entreprises coloniales françaises de 1885 à 1939"
JOB MARKET
Du 25/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:45
R2-01
WIDMER Philine (PSE)
Is propaganda front-page news?
Thursday, January 25th, R2-01, 12.30pm-1.45pm
Econometrics; Law and Economics; Public Economics; Political Economy
Is propaganda front-page news?
Paris Migration Economics Seminar
Du 25/01/2024
Keynote: Toman Barsbai (Bristol University), "Humans as animals: The natural geography of economic behavior" (with A. Pondorfer )
Lucile Dehouck (PSE), "Thirsting for Solutions: the Impact of Water Scarcity on Migration in Ethiopia"
Clément Imbert (Sciences Po), "Floating population: migration with(out) family andthe spatial distribution of economic activity" (avec J. Monras, M. Seror, Y. Zylberberg)
Antony Edo (CEPII), "Monopsony, Efficiency, and the Regularization of Undocumented Immigrants" (avec G. Borjas)
Histoire des entreprises et de la finance
Du 24/01/2024 de 16:00 à 17:30
R1.10
ABE DE Jong (University of Groningen)
Why are corporations terminated?
écrit avec Christopher L. Colvin,Philip T. Fliers,Florian Madertoner
We identify all 196 Dutch exchange-listed corporations that halted their operations and ceased to
exist between 1903 and 1996. We then explain these terminations using unique hand-collected
accounting and governance data and novel regression techniques that allow us to conduct long-run
comparative analysis. Dutch bankruptcy laws remained remarkably stable during this period. The
main termination method used was shareholder-induced voluntary liquidation until WWII, and
creditor-instigated bankruptcy thereafter. We argue this shift was a consequence of a change in the
societal purpose of the corporation: the results of our binomial regression analysis is consistent with
the idea that a stakeholder-focused paradigm replaced the liberal shareholder-centric paradigm
among the Netherlands’ business elites in the decades following WWII. Our results demonstrate how
a change in corporate purpose has profound consequences, even when legal institutions remain
unchanged.
JOB MARKET
Du 24/01/2024 de 13:00 à 14:15
R2-21
SCHULZE TILLING Anna (University of Bonn)
Changing consumption behavior with carbon labels: Causal evidence on behavioral channels and effectiveness
Wednesday, January 24th, R2-21, 1pm-2.15pm
Environmental; Ag. Econ.; Experimental Economics; Public Economics; Behavioral Economics
Changing consumption behavior with carbon labels: Causal evidence on behavioral channels and effectiveness
Anna SCHULZE TILLING (University of Bonn)
Economic History Seminar
Du 24/01/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1.09
ALFANI Guido(Bocconi University )
ALFANI Guido(Bocconi University )
The rich and the top wealth shares: a long-term perspective
Over the last ten years or so, many efforts have been made at reconstructing measures of economic inequality (including top shares of wealth and/or income) for a growing range of preindustrial societies, especially but not exclusively in Europe. The seminar will offer an updated overview of this research, focusing on the rich – but it will go beyond a presentation of top wealth shares per se, seeking an answer to a broader range of questions. Who were the rich, in history, and how did they obtain their wealth? Did they play the same role in society, and were they perceived in the same manner, in the past as today? And are changes in the perception of the rich across history somewhat connected to the extent of their wealth, in absolute and/or in relative terms?
The seminar will build upon a recently published book, As Gods Among Men. A History of the Rich in the West (Princeton 2023), which highlights —despite the different paths to wealth in different eras— fundamental continuities in the behavior of the rich and public attitudes towards wealth across Western history. It also offers a novel perspective on current debates about wealth and income disparity.
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 23/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
R2-21
DE MEULENAER Chloe (LSE)
Family first? Persuasion, polarisation, and the inheritance tax
Despite its redistributive potential and rather widespread support among economists, the inheritance tax regularly proves to be one of the most unpopular taxes. In this project, I explore this unpopularity and the effectiveness of different arguments to move preferences. I run a survey experiment on a sample of the French population and expose respondents to one of two quotes: a Fairness argument, stating that the inherited wealth distribution is starkly unequal, and a Family argument, celebrating the inherent right of parents to transfer the fruit of their hard work to their children. First, I find that self-interest plays a minor role in explaining support for the inheritance tax, and that support is very politically polarised, more so than for other taxes. Second, using text analysis methods on respondents' answers to an open-ended question, I find that the Family argument is way more prevalent in respondents' first thoughts about the tax, and that it gathers more support than the Fairness argument. Third, I find that despite this support, the Family argument does nothing to move preferences of respondents, while the Fairness argument significantly increases support for the tax. That increase is concentrated among left-wing and centre respondents, and especially strong among respondents who mention distributional concerns in their answers to the open-ended question. I suggest that those effects can be explained by a form of saturation of the Family argument; by comparison, the Fairness argument reinforces the support of those who already agree with it, increases the support of those who feel they lack information, without antagonising those who disagree with it. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of distinguishing between arguments that are top-of-mind and those that are persuasive; and that on a heated, polarised topic like that of the inheritance tax, economic arguments may still be more effective than emotional ones.
JOB MARKET
Du 23/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:45
R2-01
ROLDAN BLANCO Pau (Banco de España)
Dual Labor Markets and the Equilibrium Distribution of Firms
Tuesday, January 23th, R2-01, 12.30pm-1.45pm
Development; Growth; Industrial Organization; Macroeconomics; Monetary; Computational Economics
Dual Labor Markets and the Equilibrium Distribution of Firms
JOB MARKET
Du 19/01/2024 de 14:00 à 15:45
R2-01
OBST ISMAN Johanna (Toulouse School of Economics)
Auditor Leniency and Participation in Voluntary Forest Certification
Johanna OBST ISMAN (Toulouse School of Economics)
Friday, January 19th, R2-01, 2pm-3.15pm
Environmental; Ag. Econ.; Industrial Organization
Auditor Leniency and Participation in Voluntary Forest Certification
Du 19/01/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
TBA * ()
*
EU Tax Observatory Seminar
Du 19/01/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
Salle R1.14
MOREAU-KASTLER Ninon (ENS Paris-Saclay)
(JOB TALK) No blood in my mobile: regulating foreign suppliers
Can developed countries enforce that goods consumed domestically do not contribute to human and environmental rights violations in developing countries where they are sourced? This paper studies how global trade reacts to new due diligence policies, which constrain firms in developed countries to prevent human rights violations involvement of their foreign suppliers as much as possible. I study the US Dodd-Frank Act Conflict Mineral Rule (2010), a law targeting specific conflict minerals extracted in D.R.C. and adjoining countries. I study the consequences on source countries’ trade integration. Comparing targeted bilateral trade flows to non-targeted products and exporters within the structural gravity framework, I find that this policy decreased D.R.C. and adjoining countries’ exports in value of 3T products by 70%. However, this new type of extraterritorial law has unintended consequences: I estimate that 38% of exports are diverted to opaque countries, called legal havens after the law is implemented. Looking at US firms’ reactions, I show that sales are negatively affected, while administrative costs increase at the time of the law.
EPCI (Economie politique du changement institutionnel) Seminar
Du 19/01/2024 de 11:00 à 12:30
MSE, salle du 6e étage
WAGNER Anne-Catherine ((Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, CESSP - Centre européen de sociologie et de science politique))
Les Scop et la fabrique de l'intérêt collectif
Les Scop, sociétés coopératives et participatives, sont des entreprises qui appartiennent à leur personnel salarié. S'y élabore ainsi une définition originale du capital : lié au travail, attaché à l'entreprise et à sa territorialisation, indépendant des actionnaires extérieurs. C'est sur les conditions sociales d'appropriation de ces dispositifs que porte la recherche. A partir de la présentation d'une enquête auprès de Scop contrastées, on cherchera à rendre compte de la diversité des rapports à la propriété collective et des conceptions de l'intérêt collectif
JOB MARKET
Du 18/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:45
R2-21
MORTON Russel (University of Michigan)
Vertical integration & relational contracts: the threat point effect
Russel MORTON (University of Michigan)
Thursday, January 18th, R2-21, 12.30pm-1.45pm
Development; Growth; Industrial Organization; Health; Education; Welfare
"Vertical integration & relational contracts: the threat point effect"
Economic History Seminar
Du 17/01/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1.09
SGARD Jérôme(Sciences Po)
SGARD Jérôme(Sciences Po)
Imperial Politics, Open Markets and Private Ordering: The Global Grain Trade (1875-1914)
From the 1870s onwards, global commodity markets were all governed by self-standing private bodies, typically controlled by elite merchants. The London Corn Trade Association thus standardized supply from across the world, turning grain into a fungible commodity; it arbitrated disputes; and it offered to traders a range of standard contracts that integrated the value chains, from the various export harbors till destination. Enforcement rested on market power and the threat of blacklisting: the Association had remarkably little relations with officials of any sort, in Britain or abroad: public administrators, judges, diplomats or army officers.
This gave to thus private market a strong extra-territorial character: few merchant houses in the world could afford being expelled from the London market. Ultimately, however, this private trading platform worked under English law exclusively and it was upheld by both the London courts and the Bank of England. It was both global and local, and hence a full part of Britain’s imperial project. It policed a global network of private commercial routes while mediating the demands for market integration and the sheer diversity of the global political geography. Rule-based market power should thus be seen as a specific factor in Britain’s economic supremacy, together with relative geopolitical might, productivity levels or capital exports for instance.
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 16/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.21
BROER Tobias (Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne & PSE)
The Curious Incidence of Monetary Policy Across the Income Distribution
We use high-frequency German administrative data to study the effects of monetary policy on income and employment across the earnings distribution. Earnings growth at the bottom of the distribution is substantially more elastic to policy shocks. This unequal incidence is driven by differences in the response of employment risk across the distribution: job loss is more countercyclical for lower-earnings households. Viewed through the lens of a standard incomplete-markets model, the heterogeneous incidence substantially amplifies the equilibrium response of aggregate consumption to shocks.
Job Market Seminar
Du 12/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:45
R2-01
BREY Bjorn (University of Oxford)
The consequences of a trade collapse: Economics and politics in Weimar Germany
Friday, January 12th, R2-01, 12.30pm-1.45pm
Development; Growth; Economic History; International Trade; Political Economy
"The consequences of a trade collapse: Economics and politics in Weimar Germany"
Bjorn BREY (University of Oxford)
Behavior Working Group
Du 12/01/2024 de 11:00 à 12:00
MSE Salle 114
SCHÜTZ Rafael ()
The limits to universalism
Surveys, ballot measures, donations, and consumer spending alike reveal a growing concern for the welfare of animals. What is driving this phenomenon? Does it follow a general shift toward more universalist attitudes, or are social preferences for humans and animals substitutes? I propose a representative survey experiment to measure the distribution, interdependence, and determinants of universalist attitudes toward various human or animal out-groups. Attitudes would be elicited in two ways: (1) via previously validated hypothetical money allocation tasks between an in-group member and an out-group representative; (2) by allowing respondents to make donations to NGOs that focus on a specific out-group. Subjects would be randomly exposed to a narrative about a direct, positive interaction between an in-group member and an out-group member. This would allow to study the role of perceived distance to the out-group in shaping other-regarding preferences
Du 11/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:45
R2-21
BAGAGLI Sara ()
The (Express)Way to Segregation: Evidence from Chicago
Thursday, January 11th, R2-21, 12.30pm-1.45pm
International Trade; Public Economics; Urban; Rural; Regional Economics
The (Express)Way to Segregation: Evidence from Chicago
Sara BAGAGLI (Harvard University)
Economic History Seminar
Du 10/01/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1.09
MONTALBO Adrien(SUSSEX)
MONTALBO Adrien(SUSSEX)
The Economic Origins of Vaccine Hesitancy: Evidence from Smallpox in Nineteenth-Century France
In spite of a vast medical literature investigating the impact of socio-economic factors on vaccine uptake and of a growing literature in economic history focusing mostly on the consequences of epidemics, little is known about vaccine hesitancy the drivers of vaccination in the long run. This paper aims at filling this gap in the literature by focusing on vaccination against smallpox in nineteenth-century France. Smallpox was one the deadliest disease up until the introduction of vaccination in the nineteenth century, as it is estimated to have killed between 50,000 and 80,000 persons per year in France during the eighteenth century. To study the determinants of vaccination, we collected precise data on the number of children vaccinated each year within French departments between 1806 and 1888. By using wheat prices instrumented by rainfall and the phylloxera crisis as an exogenous source of income variation, we find that negative income shocks were linked to an increase in vaccination in France during the nineteenth century. These outcomes indicate that families reacted to negative shocks by vaccinating their children more often. This counter-intuitive result can be explained by the fact that parents chose to vaccinate their children when their existence was threatened by negative income shocks. Our results also indicate that the positive effect of negative income shocks on vaccination was stronger in department where child labour was more common. In areas where families depended more strongly on the income of children, the death of a child represented a stronger shock on the total income of the household. Families were therefore more willing to protect their children when their life was put at risk by negative income shocks within these departments.
PSI-PSE (Petit Séminaire Informel de la Paris School of Economics) Seminar
Du 09/01/2024 de 17:00 à 18:00
LEPAULT Claire (PSE)
Is Urban Wastewater Treatment Effective in India? Evidence from Water Quality and Infant Mortality
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 09/01/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.21
SILVE Arthur (Université Laval)
The end of slavery in Brazil: Escape and resistance on the road to freedom
A longstanding debate opposes two mechanisms by which labor coercion persists or changes to free labor: a labor demand effect, by which the elite coerces labor when supply is scarce, and an outside option effect, by which labor scarcity and better outside options for the workers undermine coercive arrangements. Using a novel data set of roll-call votes on 1884-1888 emancipation bills in the Brazilian legislature, we find that both mechanisms played a role in building the coalition that eventually abolished slavery.