Calendrier du 06 novembre 2023
Paris Migration Economics Seminar
Du 06/11/2023 de 12:30 à 13:30
R1.14
IMBERT Clément (SciencesPo)
Deforestation and Structural Change in Sub-Saharan Africa
This paper studies how structural transformation affects deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa. We first develop a two-sector spatial-equilibrium model with migration and trade. We show that the growth of the non-agricultural sector has ambiguous effects on forest cover: while rural-urban migration can reduce deforestation, rural-urban trade may increase it. We then use region-level data from the 2000s in 17 Sub-Saharan African countries and build two different shift-share instruments to provide evidence of these two mechanisms. We then quantify our model and show that overall the net effect is negative, i.e. that structural transformation reduces deforestation.
Régulation et Environnement
Du 06/11/2023 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1-09
ARIMURA Toshi (Waseda University)
*Does Emissions Trading Scheme Induce Innovation and Carbon Leakage? Evidence from Japan
écrit avec G.Lu and T.Sadayuki
This study aims to explore if Japan’s environmental regulation, such as its regional emissions trading scheme (ETS), can improve innovation without inducing carbon leakage. Using unique firm-level data for the period from 2003 to 2018, based on the difference-in-differences method, this study investigates how firms address issues such as innovation and outsourcing under Japan’s regional ETS framework. The key findings are as follows. (1) Japan’s regional ETS is effective in improving targeted firms’ innovation during the early stage of the compliance period. (2) Targeted firms that pursued innovation before the ETS promoted subsequent innovations after the ETS. (3) Japan’s regional ETS did not induce the risk of carbon leakage through outsourcing activities. (4) Firms that did not actively encourage innovation increased their outsourcing activities during the compliance period. Based on these findings, we discuss the study implications and directions for future policy design.