Calendrier du mois de mai 2024
| Programme de la semaine précédente | Programme de la semaine | Programme de la semaine suivante | |
| (du 2024-03-11 au 2024-03-18) | (du 2024-03-18 au 2024-03-24) | (du 2024-03-24 au 2024-03-31) |
Semaine du 2024-03-18 au 2024-03-24 |
Du 22/03/2024 de 16:00 à 17:00
R1.14
RUTHERFORD JANETTE Janette ()
The forgotten activists: U.K.. and U. S. shareholder committees of investigation, 1890 to 1940.
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 22/03/2024 de 13:00 à 14:00
R1-09
MEVEL Alice(PSE)
CHOHO Bilal(PSE)
SME adoption of renewable power electricity back-up
EU Tax Observatory Seminar
Du 22/03/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
Salle R1-14
GARLANDA-LONGUEVILLE Lorenzo (University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX-CNRS)
Why do banks have so many debts in tax havens?
écrit avec with Matthias Lé and Kevin Parra-Ramirez
This paper examines the role of Offshore Financial Centers (OFCs), which account for more than 20% of the cross-border banking assets and liabilities in the international banking system. Examining the motivations behind banks' utilization of OFCs, the study focuses on whether tax considerations are a possible driving force. Through an comprehensive analysis of cross-border banking activities, we find a negative relationship between the distribution of intra-group liabilities -- representing over 50% of bank liabilities -- and corporate tax rates in both creditor and debtor countries, with a more pronounced pattern for debtor countries with higher tax rates. These results hold when distinguishing between parent companies and affiliates. Finally, we examine the regulatory arbitrage argument and find that the pattern exists even in situations of limited prudential arbitrage, shedding light on profit-shifting practices. This research contributes to the understanding of banks' global intermediation activities and tax avoidance within the financial sector.
PSE Internal Seminar
Du 22/03/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
GUYON Nina(ENS-PSL and PSE)
KRANTON Rachel(PSE)
"On-the-job Effort: workers’ identity, sharing organization values, and mental health" joint with Duncan Thomas
Why do workers exert effort at their tasks and what are the implications for workers when particularly high effort is needed to do their jobs? Given the absence of incentive pay or threat of job loss, this study of university employees during the Covid-19 pandemic provides strong evidence of a connection between identity and workers’ effort. The study further finds associations between identity, effort, employees’ relationship to the organization, and employee mental health. The study sample consists of about 4000 respondents to an institution-wide survey conducted in the spring of 2021. Employees whose work is more important to their sense of self report exerting significantly more effort to maintain their level of accomplishment relative to a pre-pandemic benchmark. Higher effort needed to accomplish tasks, however, is strongly associated with higher levels of stress and anxiety. Employees who agree more that the university shares their values report needing less effort to accomplish tasks and report lower levels of stress and anxiety. We thus identify workers with a constellation of features: greater importance of work to sense of self, less sharing of values with the organization, higher self-reported effort, and higher levels of mental health distress. The stress and anxiety measures pick up patterns not seen in a broader, widely used scale of psychosocial well-being, indicating the need for new, intentional measures to study the relationship between work and employee mental health....................................................................................................................This paper studies the effects of a desegregation shock induced by middle school closures in deprived neighborhoods and leading to the reallocation of students to other middle schools in the city. I analyze the direct effects on students from deprived neighborhoods (the “movers”), as well as the indirect effects on incumbent students in receiving schools (the “receivers”). In both cases, I make use of the staggered closure of middle schools in cities all over France, comparing cohorts before and after closure, as well as of the availability of control cities. Exhaustive administrative panel data at the student level allow me to account for potential selection of the movers into receiving middle schools as well as for a potential “rich flight” of the receivers. I find that a school closure leads to a decrease in dropout rates after middle school for movers. These effects are consistent with a strong decrease in disruption that outweighs potential negative effects. Importantly, dropout rates also decrease for receivers, consistent with strong positive ranking effects that outweigh potential disruption effects. I find evidence of a “rich flight” towards the private system only for socially advantaged receivers that cannot fully explain these positive effects. Finally, I study the dynamics of these effects.
EPCI (Economie politique du changement institutionnel) Seminar
Du 22/03/2024 de 11:00 à 12:30
MSE, salle du 6e étage
DELAINE Estelle (Université Rennes 2)
A l’Extrême droite de l’Hémicycle, Raisons d’agir 2023
À partir d’archives parlementaires et partisanes, d’entretiens et d’observations, ce livre révèle comment les élus RN bénéficient en réalité des ressources et des réseaux de la démocratie européenne. Ils sont en effet liés quotidiennement à tous ceux qui s’engagent dans le travail parlementaire : lobbyistes, élu.es d’autres groupes, fonctionnaires, journalistes, etc.
Technique, multiculturelle et élitaire, la politique européenne n’exclut pas d’emblée les militantes et militants nationalistes, à condition qu’ils en respectent les principes. Les parlementaires RN trouvent alors dans les procédures de proportionnalité ou dans la politique consensuelle de l’Europe des moyens de s’insérer dans les négociations politiques. Ce faisant, ils activent des pratiques qui n’avaient pas été imaginées par l’institution, mais qui ne sont pas fondamentalement incompatibles avec les usages et règlements.
Ce militantisme en col blanc combine normalisation et subversion des règles du jeu parlementaire : c’est moins le moment d’une transformation du parti par l’Europe que celui de la formation de ses cadres aux activités de délibérations. L’étude des carrières, du travail et des représentations de membres d’équipes parlementaires RN montre ainsi la présence paradoxale de l’extrême droite au sein d’une institution démocratique.
brown bag Travail et Économie Publique
Du 21/03/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-09
OLIVEIRA Florentine (PSE)
Children of the Revolution : Women's Liberation and Children's Success
écrit avec Éric Maurin
In many countries, the 1960s marked a turning point in the history of women's emancipation, with the legalization of abortion as well as the liberalization of the contraceptive pill and divorce. Focusing on France, where the movement was particularly powerful, this article first explores the impact of the reforms on the family context in which children grew up. Our identification strategy is based on the fact that the wind of reforms first affected first-born children born in the 1960s, before affecting all children born in subsequent cohorts. This strategy shows that the sixties revolution has essentially led to a sharp decline in "traditional" families (many children, stay-at-home mothers) in favor of "modern" families (two children max, working mothers). We explore the consequences of these family changes on educational trajectories and find that they have been much more favorable to children from affluent backgrounds than to those from modest ones.
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 21/03/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
R1-14
SI Shuhua (Columbia)
Modes of Thinking in a Complex Game
We study a complex Blotto-like resource allocation game over a continuum of items of different values. Strategies a priori lie in a (high-dimensional) space of functions, each defining how much to bid on each item as a function of its value, given a total resource constraint. We propose to analyze the game in a simplified strategy space: we focus on a three-dimensional space of curve which includes power shapes and S-shapes and analyze the game assuming that a player's strategy set consists of a random selection of visually distinct curves that paves the space of curves. By randomly generating relatively small strategy set profiles, we obtain a distribution of most frequently played strategies for each solution concept examined (e.g., maxmin, best-response dynamics, Nash) which we compare to curve-fitted experimental data. Predictions using restricted sets point towards a significant use of S-shaped curves, as indeed overwhelmingly observed in the data, in contrast to the power curve prediction that obtains when maxmin or equilibrium analysis is performed over rich strategy sets. We also examine comparative statics with respect to asymmetries in resource endowments across players.
Behavior seminar
Du 21/03/2024 de 11:00 à 12:00
R2.21
MERLINO Luca Paolo (ECARES, Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium)
Identifying Marriage Markets”, which is a joint work with Bolletta (Saclay), Cherchye (KUL), De Rock (ULB) and Demuynck (ULB).
We propose a method to identify individuals' marriage markets under the assumption that the observed marriage allocations are stable. Our specific aim is to learn about (the relative importance of) the individual's observable characteristics that define these markets. In a first step, we use a nonparametric revealed preference approach to construct inner and outer bound approximations of individuals' marriage markets from the observed marital matchings. Then, we use the machine learning method called Support Vector Machine (SVM) to estimate a robust boundary between these inner and outer bound approximations. The method estimates the threshold (as a linear function of individual characteristics) that defines whether two potential partners operate in the same marriage market. We demonstrate the practical usefulness of our method through an application to Dutch household consumption data
Macroeconomics Seminar
Du 21/03/2024
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, salle
STORESLETTEN Kjetil (U of Oslo and U of Minnesota)
International Macroeconomics Chair Lecture
Development Economics Seminar
Du 20/03/2024 de 16:30 à 18:00
R2.01
GALASSO Emanuela(World Bank )
GALASSO Emanuella(World Bank )
The Heterogeneous Quality in Delivery of Welfare: Evidence from Social Workers in the Chile Solidario Program
écrit avec Pedro Carneiro (University College London, CEMMAP and IFS), Barbara Flores (University of Chile), Emanuela Galasso (Development Research Group, The World Bank), Rita Ginja (University of Bergen), Lucy Kraftman (Institute of Fiscal Studies)
Welfare states rely on human resources to provide the social services available. Social workers are often responsible for linking services provided and the families in need. In this paper we quantify the differences in effectiveness across social workers and study the implications of these estimates for their optimal allocation across families. To do so, we use data from a two-year home visitation program for the most deprived in Chile, where social workers were (quasi)-randomly assigned across families. We start by estimating the social workers’ fixed effects, that reveal substantial heterogeneity in the value-added by social workers. Second, we find that there is heterogeneity in performance within social workers, across different families. Third, we find a weak correlation between the supervisors and own social worker evaluation and her estimated value added. Finally, a high value-added social worker has a small but significant impact which lasts up to four years after the home-visitation program.
Histoire des entreprises et de la finance
Du 20/03/2024 de 16:00 à 17:30
R2.20
MASTIN Jean-Luc (Paris 8 Vincennes Saint Denis)
Les mutations du système de contrôle bancaire français dans les années 1980 (1976-1993)
Economic History Seminar
Du 20/03/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1.09
HONG Sehyun ()
Income Inequality in South Korea, 1933-2022: Evidence from Distributional National Accounts
This study presents “Distributional National Accounts (DINA)" for South Korea. We combine household survey micro data, tax data, and national accounts to construct annual pretax income inequality series which is coherent with macro aggregates. We show the distribution of pretax national income over the period from 1933 to 2020, with detailed breakdown by age, gender, and income composition in the years from 1996 to 2020. This series allows for a much richer analysis of the long-run income inequality trend in South Korea than previous work based on fiscal tabulation (N.-N. Kim, 2018), which only includes top income shares and misses an increasing component of tax-exempted capital income in recent years. Our new series suggests that after the Asian financial crisis in 1997, income inequality has worsened due to the rise of tax-exempted capital income concentration at the top. Additionally, South Korea is characterized with relatively higher gender inequality and lower old-age income shares compared to the United States and France. Compared to other East Asian countries, South Korea exhibits relatively lower levels of income inequality, mostly due to the fact that its national income growth was more equally distributed in the early stages of economic take-off in the 1980s, even though income inequality has worsened over the last three decades. Rather strikingly, despite similar economic backgrounds and development trajectories, there is a huge gap in pretax national income inequality between Taiwan and South Korea. This gap stems mostly from the fact that the distribution of capital income in Taiwan has been much more unequal than that in Korea.
PSI-PSE (Petit Séminaire Informel de la Paris School of Economics) Seminar
Du 19/03/2024 de 17:00 à 18:00
R1-09
SEMPé Grégoire(PSE)
PéLIGRY Paloma(ENS Paris Saclay / U. Bologna)
Optimal Climate Policy in the Housing Market
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 19/03/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.21
NIEVAS Gastón (PSE)
Has the US exorbitant privilege become a rich world privilege? Rates of return and foreign assets from a global perspective, 1970-2022
écrit avec Alice Sodano
How have rates of return on foreign assets and liabilities impacted different groups of countries across the recent financial globalization? We address this question by combining data from a wide variety of sources, encompassing the entire world (216 economies) for the period 1970-2022. We find that returns on foreign assets have decreased for everyone. On the contrary, returns on foreign liabilities have only decreased for the top 20% richest countries. This differential between returns on assets and returns on liabilities has extended the exorbitant privilege of the US to become a rich world privilege. The richest countries have become the bankers of the world, attracting excess savings by providing low-yield safe assets and investing these inflows in more profitable ventures. Such a privilege is translated in net income transfers from the poorest to the richest equivalent to 1% of the GDP of top 20% countries (and 2% of GDP for top 10% countries), alleviating the current account balance of the latter while deteriorating that of the bottom 80% by about 2-3% of their GDP. Moreover, rich countries also experience positive capital gains during the period, which further improves their international investment position (IIP) and presents evidence that their foreign investments are not as risky as previously thought to be. Thus, results are explained by richer countries, issuers of international reserve currencies, accessing cheaper financing, both for the public and private sector. Our study has implications for the international monetary and financial system and the unequal paths to development.
Du 19/03/2024 de 09:00 à 12:30
R1-13
GPET Seminar
Du 19/03/2024 de 09:00 à 13:30
R1-13
• 9:00 Coffee
• 9:10-9:55: Marcelo Gantier
• 9:55-10:40: Bertille Evreux
• Break
• 10:50-11:35: Guillermo Woo-Mora
• 11:35-12:20: Alessia Destefanis
• Followed by Lunch séminaire d’économie appliquée Salle R2.21
• 12:30-13:30 : NIEVAS Gastón
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 18/03/2024 de 17:00 à 18:30
R1-09
ORTOLEVA Pietro (Princeton)
When to decide: Timing of choice in Parallel Search
écrit avec Can Urgun
Econometrics Seminar
Du 18/03/2024 de 16:15 à 17:30
CREST
WINDMEIJER Frank (University of Oxford)
The Falsification Adaptive Set in Linear Models with Instrumental Variables that Violate the Exclusion or Conditional Exogeneity Restriction
Masten and Poirier (2021) introduced the falsification adaptive set (FAS) in linear models with a single endogenous variable estimated with multiple instrumental variables (IVs). The FAS reflects the model uncertainty that arises from falsification of the baseline model. We show that it applies to cases where a conditional exogeneity assumption holds and invalid instruments violate the exclusion assumption only. We propose a generalized FAS that reflects the model uncertainty when some instruments violate the exclusion assumption and/or some instruments violate the conditional exogeneity assumption. If there is at least one relevant instrument that satisfies both the exclusion and conditional exogeneity assumptions then this generalized FAS is guaranteed to contain the population parameter of interest in large samples.
Paris Migration Economics Seminar
Du 18/03/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
R1-14
GOBBI Paula(Université Libre de Bruxelles)
D AMELIO Tommaso(Université Libre de Bruxelles)
Inheritance and Migration: Evidence from 19th Century Italy
In the nineteenth and at the beginning of the twentieth century, Italy experienced extensive emigration flows that have been affecting the life and the economy of the country until today. In this paper we show that inheritance rules affected decisions regarding migration at the time. We exploit the quasi natural experiment provided by the Napoleonic invasion and the consequent introduction of the Code Civil, and the variability across the peninsula, to perform a difference-in-differences analysis. To do so, we build three novel datasets: one on the use of impartible inheritance at pre-unitary state level, one on inheritance practices among noble families from testaments, and one on migration before the unification of Italy, obtained through genealogical data. At the state level, we find that the change from impartible to partible inheritance led to an increase in the probability of migrating between 5 and 15%. At the family level, we perform a triple difference estimation based on the information on the inheritance practices of the nobility. For noble families, turning to partible inheritance increased the probability of migrating out of Italy by 20%.
Regional and urban economics seminar
Du 18/03/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1-09
SINGH Abhijeet (PSE)
*
Régulation et Environnement
Du 18/03/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1-09
SINGH ABHIJEET Manpreet (PSE)
Supplier rationing and allocation efficiency: case of renewable energy auctions in India
This paper studies allocation efficiency of auctions for solar and wind energy capacity
creation, conducted by Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI). These
auctions have helped create 54 gigawatts of renewable electricity capacity in India.
SECI’s auctions usually have large procurement targets, which are beyond
the capacity of a single firm. The auctions are open descending bid format,
where bidders publicly reveal their capacity constraint and bid on the selling
price of their electricity. The market clearing price is the one with least excess
demand, and a residual award is provided to the last exiting bidder. In this paper,
I show that such rationing rule and asymmetric capacities of bidders lead to
inefficient allocation. I further use SECI’s bidding data to structurally estimate
the cost distribution of the bidders, and through a simple simulation exercise,
show that a sealed bid version reduces probability of inefficient selection by
20-33 percent points without affecting the payoffs.