Calendrier du mois de septembre 2024
Programme de la semaine précédente | Programme de la semaine | Programme de la semaine suivante | |
(du 2024-09-02 au 2024-09-09) | (du 2024-09-09 au 2024-09-15) | (du 2024-09-15 au 2024-09-22) |
Semaine du 2024-09-09 au 2024-09-15 |
Travail et économie publique externe
Du 12/09/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-09
LALIBERTE Jean-William (Calgary)
Parental Income in the Labor Market
Are children of high-income families more likely to work at better-paying firms, and if so, why? To answer these questions, we use Canadian administrative data to construct an employee-employer-parent-child matched dataset, which we link to detailed educational records. We find that, in an accounting sense, access to high-paying employers explains roughly half of the transmission of income across generations, as measured by the income rank-rank relationship. We then use these data to quantify the role of observable human capital (education) and social connections for firm sorting. Our analysis reveals that education plays a stronger role in the the sorting of high-income children to high-paying employers than social connections. We further provide suggestive evidence that some children of high-income families receive preferential treatment when they work at firms their parents own, but the quantitative importance of this phenomenon for overall intergenerational income mobility remains limited.
Behavior seminar
Du 12/09/2024 de 11:00 à 12:00
R2-21
OOGHE Erwin (KU Leuven, Belgium)
Fairness gaps for earnings tax design
In a setting with skill and preference heterogeneity, we characterize a family of social welfare measures that aggregate fairness gaps, defined as the difference between the money-metric utilities that individuals have and the money-metric utilities they should have in a fair society. Each welfare measure can be decomposed into government revenues (size), excess burden (inefficiency), and unfair inequality (inequity). As a proof of concept, we evaluate four hypothetical earnings tax reforms based on two normative parameters: the degree of unfairness aversion and the degree of compensation for productive skills.
Economic History Seminar
Du 11/09/2024 de 12:30 à 14:00
R1-09
POSTEL-VINAY Gilles()
ROSENTHAL Jean-Laurent(California Institute of Technology)
A Capital’s Capital: Wealth and Inequality in Paris 1807-2023
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 10/09/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
R2-21
BOMARE Jeanne ()
When Bankers become Informants: Behavioral Effects of Automatic Exchange of Information
écrit avec Matt Collin (EU Tax Observatory)
Over the past decade, around 100 jurisdictions have signed automatic exchange of bank information agreements (AEOI) in an effort to battle cross-border tax evasion. This paper uses account data leaked from an Isle of Man bank to study the effectiveness of these agreements. We establish three sets of results. First, we find that AEOI treaties do not legally cover a large share of assets held offshore. These legal loopholes mean that a large share of offshore users is actually not subject to any reporting requirement. Second, we observe that banks in charge of reporting appear to correctly identify most reportable accounts and to communicate this information truthfully to tax authorities. The quality of reporting is better for individual accounts than for company accounts, either because of complexity or because of non-compliance by the bank. Third, we find evidence that clients of the bank who were more at risk of being reported on preemptively closed their accounts, potentially circumventing the AEOI reporting process. This paper sheds light on the design flaws of AEOI agreements, and provides new evidence on how sophisticated individuals ultimately avoided this new transparency shock.
Régulation et Environnement
Du 09/09/2024 de 11:00 à 12:15
R1-09
REITZMANN Leo (PSE)
’Bad’ Oil, ’Worse’ Oil and Carbon Misallocation
Not all barrels of oil are created equal: their extraction varies in both private cost
and carbon intensity. Leveraging a comprehensive micro-dataset on world oil fields,
alongside detailed estimates of carbon intensities and private extraction costs, this
study quantifies the additional emissions and costs from having extracted the ’wrong’
deposits. We do so by comparing historical deposit-level supplies to counterfactuals
that factor in pollution costs, while keeping annual global consumption unchanged.
Between 1992 and 2018, carbon misallocation amounted to at least 11.00 gigatons of
CO2-equivalent, incurring an environmental cost evaluated at $2.2 trillion (US$ 2018).
This translates into a significant supply-side ecological debt for major producers of
high-carbon oil. Looking forward, we estimate the gains from making deposit-level
extraction socially optimal at about 9.30 gigatons of CO2-equivalent evaluated at $1.9
trillion along a future aggregate demand pathway coherent with the objective of net-
zero emissions in 2050, and document unequal reserve stranding across oil nations