Calendrier du mois de octobre 2021
Economic History Seminar
Du 27/10/2021 de 12:00 à 13:30
Salle R2.01, Campus Jourdan
O SULLIVAN Mary (Université de Genève)
Power & profit: copper mines & steam engines in late 18th century Cornwall
There is a long-standing tendency in economic history, exemplified recently in Robert Allen’s The British Industrial Revolution in Global Perspective, to analyse the economics of machine adoption based on a calculus of cost-saving. No one has proven more articulate in challenging this approach than Eric Hobsbawm, who cautioned us against the assumption that a capitalist economy has any inherent tendency to cost-saving or technological innovation, emphasising that “[i]t has a bias only towards profit”. He suggested the potential of a history of profit to understand the motivations for introducing machines and the consequences of their adoption. This article grapples with Hobsbawm’s “profit puzzle” to understand the implications of the adoption and use of the Boulton & Watt (B&W) steam engine for capitalists and workers in Cornish copper mines between 1777 and 1791. It shows that the engine’s economic implications for the people who invested in, and worked, the Cornish copper mines were conditioned by a complex and evolving relationship between profit and power: steam power, which was crucial to the mining of copper and the costs of its production; imperial power, which was important given fluctuating demand for copper from different parts of the British Empire; and market power since control over price setting on the British copper market had decisive implications for Cornish mining profits. An analysis of the relationship between power and profit helps explain the enthusiasm for the B&W engine in Cornwall and the subsequent hostility that Cornish miners and mining adventurers displayed towards Matthew Boulton and James Watt. More generally, it suggests the potential of studying the economic and social history of new machines through the lens of profit to understand the motivations for introducing machines and the consequences of their adoption.
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 26/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.01, Campus Jourdan
CLARKE Philip (University of Oxford)
The comparative mortality of an elite group in the long run of history: an observational analysis of politicians from 11 countries
écrit avec An Tran-Duy, Laurence S J Roope, Jay A Stiles, Adrian Barnett
Substantial evidence has emerged regarding growing long-run trends in inequalities in income and wealth in recent years, but much less is known about comparable tends in disparities in health including life expectancy. This study aimed to compare the mortality rate and life expectancy of politicians with that of the age and gender-matched general populations for 11 developed countries (Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States). Politicians were members of national parliaments in countries with available data on dates of birth, death and election, gender, and life tables. Our sample included 2.6 million years of follow-up on 57,561 politicians (with follow-up period ranging from 1816–2016 for France to 1949–2017 for Germany). Relative mortality differences as Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) and absolute differences as gaps in life expectancy between politicians and the general populations over time were used to capture trends inequalities over time. At the turn of the 20th Century politicians had a survival advantage over the general population in only one country (United Kingdom), but inequalities widened considerably over the second half of the 20th century. Peak life expectancy gaps ranged from politicians living on average 4.4 (95% CI, 3.5–5.4) years longer in the Netherlands to 7.8 (95% CI, 7.2–8.4) years in the US. In the United States the survival advantage for politicians is greatest it has been in more 150 years. Finding effective ways to reduce these gaps should be a priority.
GSIELM (Graduate Students International Economics and Labor Market) Lunch Seminar
Du 25/10/2021 de 13:00 à 14:00
MSE(106, Blv de l'Hôpital) salle 116 75013 Paris
KöGEL Clara (OECD)
Air pollution and productivity: Evidence from France
There are common beliefs that agglomeration and manufacturing enhance the productivity of firms. However, these factors also increase air pollution, which can have an adverse effect on productivity. This paper investigates the effect of air pollution on labour productivity in French firms in both manufacturing and non-financial market services sectors from 2000 to 2018. I use an instrumental variable approach, based on planetary boundary layer height, to identify the causal impact of air pollution on labour productivity. I estimate that a 1 µg/m3 increase in fine particulate matter concentrations (PM 2.5) leads on average to a 4.5% decrease in labour productivity. I also find that the negative effect of pollution is less pronounced for digital intensive firms. These estimates suggest that the negative impact of air pollution is much larger than previously thought.
Texte intégral
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 22/10/2021 de 12:45 à 13:45
R1-09
PINTO Gustavo (PUC-Rio)
Do extreme events affect culture? Evidence from Japan
PSE Internal Seminar
Du 22/10/2021 de 12:30 à 14:00
R2-01
STANCANELLI Elena(PSE)
STEWART Colin(University of Toronto)
Attention Please!
écrit avec .
We study the impact of manipulating the attention of a decision-maker who learns
sequentially about a number of items before making a choice. Under natural assumptions on the decision-maker’s strategy, directing attention toward one item increases its
likelihood of being chosen regardless of its value. This result applies when the decisionmaker can reject all items in favor of an outside option with known value; if no outside
option is available, the direction of the effect of manipulation depends on the value of
the item. A similar result applies to manipulation of choices in bandit problems.
http://individual.utoronto.ca/colinstewart/ap.pdf
Travail et économie publique externe
Du 21/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
Using zoom
LOKEN Katrin V. (NHH)
Prison, Mental Health and Family Spillovers
écrit avec Laura Khoury and Manudeep Bhuller
Mental health is known to impact multiple longer run education and labor market outcomes. Correlational evidence has shown that the prevalence of mental health issues is much higher in the inmate population than in the general population, but it remains silent on causality. We exploit the strengths of the Norwegian setting and the richness of the data to accurately measure the impact of incarceration on the health of the defendants and their family members. First, we use an event-study design around the case decision event. The event study is complemented with an instrumental variable (IV) strategy that takes advantage of the random assignment of criminal cases to judges who differ in their leniency. Both methods consistently show that the positive correlation is misleading: incarceration has a negative impact on the prevalence of mental health disorders among defendants as measured by mental-health related visits to health care professionals. We further demonstrate that this effect lasts post release and is unlikely to be fully driven by a shift in health care demand. Family members also experience positive spillovers on their mental health, especially spouses. Assessing mechanisms, we find suggestive evidence of the positive role of in-prison mental health programs and milder prison conditions in improving mental health.
Behavior seminar
Du 21/10/2021 de 11:00 à 12:00
Salle R2-21 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
LEPINTEUR Anthony (Université de Luxembourg)
Job insecurity, savings and consumption: an Italian experiment
Job insecurity has consequences outside of the labour market. Using the 2012 Fornero reform as a natural experiment, a difference-in-differences framework based on a firm-size discontinuity and individual data coming from the Italian Survey on Household Income and Wealth, our results suggest that greater job insecurity reduces consumption and increases savings. We also show that the changes in consumption and savings are a function of the family structure and of the rank in the household income distribution. Last, greater job insecurity reduces all types of consumption except food expenditures and the extra-savings it caused are either invested in safe assets or kept on savings account.
Economic History Seminar
Du 20/10/2021 de 12:00 à 13:30
Salle R2.21, Campus Jourdan
MANAC'H Laurine (Université Paris 1 - Panthéon Sorbonne)
L'arbitrage des litiges entre associés dans les territoires hispaniques : institutionnalisation, pratiques et territorialité du droit commercial (Catalogne, Rio de la Plata, 1812-1840)
Le développement de l’arbitrage commercial en Espagne et dans la province de Buenos Aires au cours des premières décennies du XIXe siècle constitue une transformation majeure de la régulation des entreprises. En Espagne, il se manifeste par le maintien, dans la législation, de l’arbitrage forcé pour les litiges entre associés, et par l’instauration de juridictions de conciliation qui participent de cette consolidation de l’arbitrage commercial. Tandis que Buenos Aires fut le lieu d'expériences et de projets avortés. L’examen des transformations institutionnelles, des pratiques et des acteurs de l’arbitrage entre associés au début du XIXe siècle permet non seulement de participer à l’historicisation de l’arbitrage des litiges commerciaux surtout étudié pour la fin du XXe siècle, mais aussi d’approfondir l’analyse de la construction des États, et de la façon dont les territoires hispaniques ont fait l’expérience du libéralisme. Un tel sujet permettra de présenter un panorama des sources possibles pour l’étude de l’arbitrage commercial dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle.
Virtual Development Economics Seminar
Du 19/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:15
On line
GOLDBERG Penny (Yale University)
Trade and Informality in the Presence of Labor Market Frictions and Regulations
PSI-PSE (Petit Séminaire Informel de la Paris School of Economics) Seminar
Du 19/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:00
R1-14
WOO-MORA Guillermo(PSE)
LEHMANN Sibylle(Université Hohenheim)
Unveiling the Cosmic Race: Racial Inequalities in Latin America
Paris Trade Seminar
Du 19/10/2021 de 14:45 à 16:15
Sciences Po, 28 rue des Saints-Pères, 75007 Paris (M° Saint Germain des Prés), SALLE H 405
CARLUCCIO Juan (Banque de France)
From Macro to Micro : Heterogeneous Exporters in the Pandemic
écrit avec Jean-Charles Bricongne, Sebastian Stumpner, Lionel Fontagné, and Guillaume Gaulier
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 19/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.01, Campus Jourdan
MO Zhexun ()
Determinants of Redistributive Preferences in Contemporary China: Evidence from an Online Experiment
écrit avec Yuchen Huang (PSE), Yuqian Chen (Harvard University)
Previous research suggests that Chinese citizens hold a set of seemingly contradictory beliefs: they are tolerant of large income inequalities and regard the rich to be deserving, but also demand strong government intervention to reduce the income gap. We conducted a pilot online experiment, with a representative sample of 2,500 adult individuals in mainland China in September 2021, in order to better understand the sources of such preference combinations.
Preliminary results suggest that on the whole, Chinese citizens exhibit rather strong support for real-stake inequality-reducing policies, as well as the government's duty to regulate income distribution. However, surprisingly, priming the “luck component” of the income generating process in either becoming rich or staying poor makes them significantly less supportive of redistributive policies specifically targeted at taxing the rich, and also less supportive of government duties in regulating the income gap. This effect is mainly driven by a part of the population who self-reported to have relatively low economic pressure.
We conjecture that such “libertarian” fairness views, as well as the strong demand for government intervention to “redistribute”, could both originate from extreme poverty aversion / wealth aspiration. On the one hand, poverty aversion drives a desire for property ownership, thus making it more likely to justify any means in acquiring property; on the other hand, poverty aversion also calls for strong government intervention in lifting the poor up. We argue that such a mechanism could be most saliently exemplified in the Chinese economic regime with highly sustained growth rates as well as high social mobility over the past four decades.
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 18/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:15
Salle R1-09 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
ZAPECHELNYUK Andriy (University of St Andrews)
A Model of Debates: Moderation vs Free Speech
This paper provides a framework to study communication conflicts, such as political debates, using a novel model of competition in Bayesian persuasion. Debating parties can frame their arguments for maximal impact. They also can spam the discussion to distract the audience from the opponent’s arguments.
We find that spamming is more detrimental than framing. Truth discovery requires moderation by restricting on the number of arguments that parties can make. When the parties are allowed to speak freely, spamming can kill truth discovery and make communication completely uninformative. By contrast, framing is disciplined by competition. If the conflict between the parties is strong and the number of arguments is restricted, the parties reveal the truth.
Econometrics Seminar
Du 18/10/2021 de 16:00 à 17:15
ROTH Jonathan (Brown University)
Efficient Estimation for Staggered Rollout Designs
écrit avec Co-author: Pedro Sant'Anna
This paper studies efficient estimation of causal effects when treatment is (quasi-) randomly rolled out to units at different points in time. We solve for the most efficient estimator in a class of estimators that nests two-way fixed effects models and other popular generalized difference-in-differences methods. A feasible plug-in version of the efficient estimator is asymptotically unbiased with efficiency (weakly) dominating that of existing approaches. We provide both t-based and permutation-test based methods for inference. We illustrate the performance of the plug-in efficient estimator in simulations and in an application to Wood et al. (2020a)'s study of the staggered rollout of a procedural justice training program for police officers. We find that confidence intervals based on the plug-in efficient estimator have good coverage and can be as much as five times shorter than confidence intervals based on existing state-of-the-art methods. As an empirical contribution of independent interest, our application provides the most precise estimates to date on the effectiveness of procedural justice training programs for police officers.
Régulation et Environnement
Du 18/10/2021 de 12:00 à 13:15
Salle R2-21 - Campus Jourdan 75014 PARIS
MARBLER Alexander (University of Graz)
Water Scarcity, Agriculture, and Local Economic Activity: A Global Analysis
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 15/10/2021 de 12:45 à 13:45
R2-01
TESCHKE Eric ()
Mental health of refugees in Jordan
écrit avec Luc Behaghel and Louise de Gaudemaris
EPCI (Economie politique du changement institutionnel) Seminar
Du 15/10/2021 de 11:00 à 12:30
Salle 18, Maison des Sciences Économiques, 112 Bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris
BüRBAUMER Benjamin (Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CEPN)
L'infrastructure technique comme obstacle à la libéralisation commerciale : Le cas du TAFTA
La convergence des normes et réglementations techniques entre différents pays figure parmi les sujets principaux en matière de libéralisation commerciale. En même temps, cette convergence est particulièrement délicate. S’accorder sur des mesures de libéralisation derrière les frontières nationales nécessite la mobilisation d’une expertise hautement spécifique et une confiance élevée entre les parties prenantes. La convergence technique implique également un changement institutionnel susceptible de modifier les avantages compétitifs encastrés dans les infrastructures techniques existantes.
A partir d’une base de données originale sur les négociations secrètes du TAFTA entre les Etats-Unis et l’Union européenne, établie à travers une enquête de Terrain, ce papier propose une perspective d'économie politique internationale sur la libéralisation technique, à la croisée de l’école néo-gramscienne et de l'institutionnalisme historique. En mettant l’accent sur le rôle de forces sociales dans la formation de la politique commerciale, cette recherche soutient que le TAFTA n’a pas simplement échoué à cause de pressions protectionnistes conjoncturelles (Trump, mouvement social). Il s’est plutôt effondré de l’intérieur parce que les deux parties ont mené une bataille sans concessions autour de l’élaboration d’une infrastructure technique transatlantique et la réglementation spécifique du capitalisme de plateforme. Les données indiquent notamment que chaque partie a tenté l’extension de sa propre infrastructure technique vers l’autre côté de l’Atlantique, voire au-delà, et d’améliorer ainsi la compétitivité de ses entreprises domestiques.
Représentant un moment institutionnalisé de compétition pré-marché, la convergence technique offre néanmoins la possibilité de durablement structurer les flux commerciaux internationaux. Par conséquent, même si le TAFTA a échoué, son ressort persiste et annonce de nouvelles batailles sur les normes et les réglementations techniques.
PEPES (Paris Empirical Political Economics) Working Group
Du 14/10/2021 de 12:30 à 14:00
Salle R2.21, Campus Jourdan
MIHO Antonela()
AVETIAN Vladimir()
PEPES Junior - Small screen, big echo? Estimating the political persuasion of local television news bias using Sinclair Broadcast Group as a natural experiment.
This paper investigates the heterogeneous effect of biased local TV news on political outcomes and opinions. I exploit the quasi-random staggered expansion of Sinclair Broadcast Group, the now largest local TV broadcasting company in the U.S., which reached over 40% of U.S. markets in 2020. Though Sinclair has owned local TV stations since 1971, its conservative slant emerges in the run-up to the 2004 election and operates through the supply-side filtering of available news stories.
Using an event study methodology, I estimate that exposure to Sinclair bias since 2004 corresponds to a 2.5%-point increase in the presidential Republican vote share during the 2008/2012 election, an effect that doubles during the 2016/2020 elections. Estimates imply that Sinclair convinced 4.6% - 13.6% of its potential audience to vote Republican, depending on the election year.
While there is a null or negative trend for counties later exposed, interactions reveal a common trend across groups: the effect is concentrated among “isolated” counties (proxied by population change and the share of minorities and the college-educated), in contrast to economic and historical shocks.
Individual-level survey data corroborate county-level evidence, across treatment groups and election types. Little evidence exists that Sinclair’s bias increases support for traditionally Republican policy positions or populist rhetoric. Instead, I find a 10% differential change in sentiments towards the 2016 Republican candidate, depending on the respondent’s level of education. Congruently, discriminatory attitudes towards minorities and immigrants increased. The totality of the results suggests that political persuasion is a dynamic and affective process, sensitive to environmental and personal characteristics.
brown bag Travail et Économie Publique
Du 14/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R1-09
GAROUSTE Manon (PSE)
Neighbor Effects and Track Choices
écrit avec Camille Hémet
The aim of the paper is to analyze the effect of neighbors' choices on individual track choices at the end of lower secondary education. To take account of endogenous location decisions, we use within-catchment-area variation in location between small statistical units in the municipality of Paris. The results suggest that close neighbors do matter in track choices at the end of lower secondary education, but only for pupils going to a vocational track. Pupils who continue in an academic track are not influenced by their neighbors. Neighbor effects tend to accentuate social segregation across high school tracks.
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 14/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R1-14 - Campus Jourdan 75014 PARIS
LEBRETON Mael (PSE)
Generosity Biases the Learning of Cultural Conventions
Human groups can markedly differ in fairness and cooperation norms, and these differences can create intergroup misunderstandings and conflict. At the same time, humans also trade and travel across cultural divides, suggesting that they can learn and adapt to new culture-specific conventions and rules of engagement. While such adaptions avoid intergroup conflict and benefit intergroup exchange, how humans learn group-specific rules that are often implicit and distinct from already learned values and norms remains poorly understood. Here we examine this fundamental learning process underlying social rule acquisition. We created three populations with different yet unobservable rules of engagement and varied whether or not decisions affected interaction partner outcomes. Participants made bargaining offers to responders from these different populations and could observe whether their offer was accepted or rejected. Participants quickly adapted to group-specific rules in learning environments without social consequences, but were overly generous and ended up misrepresenting what would be acceptable when decisions affected their partner’s outcomes. We propose a computational model, combining Bayesian principles and social preferences, that mechanistically explains how generosity leads to biased sampling, impeded learning, and false beliefs about what offers are deemed acceptable. Results suggest that generosity can induce self-fulfilling beliefs in pro-sociality norms that may help to increase cooperation and reduce conflict between distinct groups but also create inaccurate stereotypes and economic inefficiencies.
Behavior seminar
Du 14/10/2021 de 11:00 à 12:00
Salle R1-09 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
RIEDL Arno (Maastricht University)
Intertemporal Social Preferences
We examine the relationship between time delay and generosity in a laboratory experi-
ment using modified dictator games. In a between-subject design we vary the time of payout
for the dictator, the receiver or both. In a within-subject design, we vary the endowment
of the dictator as well as the price of giving. We derive and test the predictions of several
models of social preferences and test if the giving decisions are representable by a utility
function.
Paris Migration Seminar
Du 13/10/2021 de 17:30 à 18:30
on line
LEBOW Jeremy (Duke University)
Immigration and Occupational Downgrading in Colombia.
Migrants around the world are often over-educated in their occupation relative to natives. In this paper, I study the effect of migrant occupational downgrading on native economic outcomes in the context of Venezuelan mass migration to Colombia. Using variation across 79 metropolitan areas, I estimate a CES model of labor demand with imperfect substitutability between migrants and natives, and I develop a method to incorporate migrant downgrading into this framework. I find that downgrading has large consequences for hourly wages of less educated natives, driven by high migrant-native substitutability in low-skill jobs and low substitutability across education groups, both of which may be more common in the developing country setting. In a counterfactual in which I reallocate migrants to compete within their education group, there are substantial reductions in inequality and increases in total output. The results highlight the importance of policies to reduce migrant downgrading, especially given the increasing global prevalence of large push-factor migration waves, which are more likely to result in migrant downgrading and disproportionately affect developing countries.
Development Economics Seminar
Du 13/10/2021 de 16:30 à 18:00
Salle R2.21, Campus Jourdan
STRAUB Stéphane (TSE)
Decentralization in Indonesia and Local Outcomes. Estimating Spending Efficiency
écrit avec with Jonas Gathen, Toulouse School of Economics, Vitalijs Jascisens, Higher School of Economics, Moscow
We analyze Indonesia’s big-bang decentralization, which in the early 2000s translated into massive transfers of resources to local districts. Using the non-linearity of the allocation rule to circumvent the potential endogeneity that arises when regressing local outcomes on district revenues, we start by answering two questions. First, how does the level and composition of local government spending respond to additional revenues? Second, given this spending response, what is the impact on development outcomes of households and firms? Next, we use these results to perform structural estimates of the efficiency of spending across three categories of outcomes, namely infrastructure, health, and education, and evaluate its district-level determinants
Economic History Seminar
Du 13/10/2021 de 12:00 à 14:00
Salle R1.14,Campus Jourdan
SGARD Jérôme (Sciences Po)
La Crise de la Dette des Années 1980: une histoire orale
PSI-PSE (Petit Séminaire Informel de la Paris School of Economics) Seminar
Du 12/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:00
Salle R1.14, Campus Jourdan
ZAPPALà Guglielmo(PSE)
ZAPPALà GUGLIELMO Guglielmo(PSE)
Do subjective perceptions shape adaptation to climate change? Evidence from Bangladesh
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 12/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.01, Campus Jourdan
ANDREESCU Marie (PSE)
The economic cost of size-dependent firm regulations in France: a reassessment
écrit avec Philippe Askenazy, Vladimir Pecheu
Several additional regulations apply to French firms when they reach the size threshold of 50 employees. We show that several firms having slightly more than 50 employees under-declare their true number of workers and by doing so, they can avoid (some of) the regulations. This implies that the very high economic costs of the regulations estimated in former papers should be considered with caution.
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 11/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:15
Salle R2-21 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
ELY Jeff (Northwestern)
Ruth, Anthony, and Clarence
GSIELM (Graduate Students International Economics and Labor Market) Lunch Seminar
Du 11/10/2021 de 13:00 à 14:00
MSE(106, Blv de l'Hôpital 75013 Paris), salle 116
MAZET Clément (Banque de France, Sciences Po and Collège de France)
Search Frictions in Credit Markets
Motivated by empirical evidence I document on local credit markets in France using data on more than 3.5 million bank-firm relationships, I propose a theory of bank-firm matching subject to search frictions. Firms undergo a costly search process to locate and match with the right banking partner. Upon matching, agency frictions hinder banks ability to optimally screen and monitor projects. I structurally estimate my model on French data using the staggered roll-out of Broadband Internet, from 1997 to 2007, as a shock to search frictions. I confirm the model predictions that a reduction in search frictions affects the allocation of credit and the dynamics of firm-bank matching. Finally, I use the structure of my model to quantify the impact of this technology-induced reduction in search frictions on loan prices. I find that broadband internet access reduced the cost of debt for small businesses by 4.9%.
Régulation et Environnement
Du 11/10/2021 de 12:00 à 13:15
Salle R2-21 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
ZABROCKI Leo (PSE)
Inference Design In Studies on Acute Health Effects of Air Pollution
écrit avec BAGILET Vincent
We explore statistical power characteristics of various empirical strategies implemented to estimate the short-term health effect of air pollution. Through an extensive literature review, we retrieve the estimates and standard errors of a large number of studies published on this topic. We find that a non-negligible share of studies may suffer from low power issues and could thereby exaggerate effect sizes. The analysis of published results highlights potential shortcomings of the literature but does not enable to precisely identify drivers of theses is sues. We therefore run realistic simulations to investigate how statistical power varies with the treatment effect size, the number of observations, the proportion of treated units as well as the distribution of the outcome. Usual causal identi fication methods implemented in this literature, such as instrumental variable (IV), regression discontinuity design (RD) or difference-in-differences (DiD), may yield overestimated effect sizes. This issue is driven by the imprecision of the IV estimator and the small number of exogenous shocks usually exploited in DiD and RD designs. When focusing on particular groups such as the elderly or children, researchers should be aware that statistical power is lowered by the limited average count of health outcomes
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 08/10/2021 de 12:45 à 13:45
R2-01
ASSOUAD Lydia (PSE)
*
Macroeconomics Seminar
Du 07/10/2021 de 16:00 à 17:15
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, salle R2-21
PIGUILLEM Facundo (Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance)
Sticky Spending, Sequestration, and Government Debt
écrit avec Alessandro Riboni
Once established, government spending programs tend to continue. Spending inertia can lead to unsustainable debt levels that require fiscal stabilization, such as “sequestration.” We develop a political economy model of debt with sticky spending by assuming that the government must maintain a fraction of past spending. We show that inertia
insures against the risk of political turnover, which may reduce politicians’ incentives to accumulate debt. However, if preexisting commitments are large, as in the current U.S. context, inertia exacerbates incentives to increase debt; faced with the prospect of stabilization, the government overspends to “dilute” the spending commitments of past administrations.
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 07/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R1.14 - Campus Jourdan 75014 PARIS
MACé Antonin (PSE)
*
Histoire des entreprises et de la finance
Du 06/10/2021 de 16:00 à 17:30
Salle R1.14, Campus Jourdan
ASTORE Marianna (PSE)
The industrial intervention of the Bank of Italy (1893-1936). Another Gerschenkronian factor in the Italian economic development?
Economic History Seminar
Du 06/10/2021 de 12:00 à 13:30
Salle R2.21, Campus Jourdan
RO'EE LEVY Jonathan (Tel Aviv University - Eitan Berglas School of Economics)
The Volcker Shock and a New Age of American Capitalism
This presentation is drawn from Ages of American Capitalism: A History of the United States (2021). In US economic history, the Volcker interest rate shock of 1979-1982 is commonly cited for ending a decade-long period of price inflation. Here, the Volcker shock is placed at the center of a broader transformation of American and global capitalism that gave rise to a new political economy of asset price appreciation, and a new “age” of American capitalism: the Age of Chaos.
PSI-PSE (Petit Séminaire Informel de la Paris School of Economics) Seminar
Du 05/10/2021 de 18:00 à 19:00
CHERITEL Côme (PSE)
A stylized model for energy, population, economy and the environment
Virtual Development Economics Seminar
Du 05/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:15
On line
MACOURS Karen (PSE & CEPR)
Education, Income and Mobility: Experimental Impacts of Childhood Exposure to Progresa after 20 Years
écrit avec with M. Caridad Araujo
Paris Trade Seminar
Du 05/10/2021 de 14:45 à 16:15
Sciences Po, 28 rue des Saints-Pères, 75007 Paris (M° Saint Germain des Prés), SALLE H 405
MéJEAN Isabelle (Science Po)
Supply shocks in supply chains: Evidence from the early lockdown in China
écrit avec Raphaël Lafrogne-Joussier et Julien Martin
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 05/10/2021 de 12:30 à 13:30
R1.09
WIDMER Philine (PSE)
Text Semantics Capture Political and Economic Narratives
écrit avec Elliott Ash, Germain Gauthier
Social scientists have become increasingly interested in how narratives -- the stories in fiction, politics, and life -- shape beliefs, behavior, and government policies. This paper provides a novel, unsupervised method to quantify latent narrative structures in text, drawing on computational linguistics tools for clustering coherent entity groups and capturing relations between them. After validating the method, we provide an application to the U.S. Congressional Record to analyze political and economic narratives in recent decades. Our analysis highlights the dynamics, sentiment, polarization, and interconnectedness of narratives in political discourse.
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 04/10/2021 de 17:00 à 18:15
Salle R2-21 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
SINANDER Ludvig (Oxford)
Agenda-manipulation in ranking
A committee ranks a set of alternatives by sequentially voting on pairs, in an order chosen by the committee’s chair. Although the chair has no knowledge of voters’ preferences, we show that she can do as well as if she had perfect information. We characterise strategies with this ‘regret-freeness’ property in two ways: (1) they are efficient, and (2) they avoid two intuitive errors. One regret-free strategy is a sorting algorithm called insertion sort. We show that it is characterised by a lexicographic property, and is outcome-equivalent to a recursive variant of the much-studied amendment procedure.
Econometrics Seminar
Du 04/10/2021 de 16:00 à 17:15
MOREIRA Humberto (Fundação Getulio Vargas’ Brazilian School of Economics and Finance)
Efficiency Loss of Asymptotically Efficient Tests in An Instrumental Variables Regression + Optimal Invariant Tests in an Instrumental Variables Regression With Heteroskedastic and Autocorrelated Errors
écrit avec Co-authors: Geert Ridder and Mahrad Sharifvaghefi
Régulation et Environnement
Du 04/10/2021 de 12:00 à 13:15
Salle R2-21 - Campus Jourdan - 75014 PARIS
NOCKE Volker (University of Mannheim)
Consumer Search and Choice Overload
écrit avec REY Patrick
We consider a multiproduct seller facing consumers who must search to learn prices and valuations. The equilibrium features choice overload: the larger the product line, the fewer consumers start searching. We provide conditions under which the seller offers too much or too little variety. We then allow the seller to position products or make recommendations, thereby introducing the possibility of directed search, and show that the seller may find it profitable to maintain some noise. Finally, we study the sellerís incentive to disclose product identity and extend our analysis to that of a platform choosing which sellers to host.
Casual Friday Development Seminar - Brown Bag Seminar
Du 01/10/2021 de 12:45 à 13:45
R2-01
WRIGHT Kelsey (PSE)
Cash transfers and food security in Mali
EPCI (Economie politique du changement institutionnel) Seminar
Du 01/10/2021 de 11:00 à 12:30
Via ZOOM ET Salle du 6è, Maison des Sciences Economiques 112 Bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris
BOYER Marcel (Université de Montréal)
PLATFORM CAPITALISM : A SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
The emergence of multinational platforms organizing the interplay of a multiplicity of firms and consumers is analyzed by various disciplines of the social sciences. Economic history shows that since the rise of merchant capitalism, market formation is an endogenous process whereby intermediaries discover new sources of profit. Therefore Alfred Marshall‘s theorizing is more useful than Walras’ and contemporary static microeconomics. The economic sociology of market creation also delivers precious insights. Both approaches allow detecting the continuities and ruptures brought by contemporary platforms, defined specific industrial organizations. The transnational scope of GAFA gives an unprecedented impetus to the role of increasing returns to scale and helps in capturing the benefits of intangible capital on very liquid financial markets. Against the hypothesis of a technological determinism, various types of platform may coexist and delineate contrasted reconfigurations of the modern world: a market led platform capitalism in the US, a panoptic control society in China, whereas ideally the European Union aims at converting information into a global Common, monitored by citizens.