Calendrier du mois de septembre 2024
| Programme de la semaine précédente | Programme de la semaine | Programme de la semaine suivante | |
| (du 2024-05-27 au 2024-06-03) | (du 2024-06-03 au 2024-06-09) | (du 2024-06-09 au 2024-06-16) |
Semaine du 2024-06-03 au 2024-06-09 |
EU Tax Observatory Seminar
Du 07/06/2024 de 12:00 à 13:00
Salle R2-01
BROCKMEYER Anne (World Bank)
Algorithms and Bureaucrats: Evidence from Tax Audit Selection in Senegal
écrit avec With Pierre Bachas, Alipio Ferreira and Bassirou Sarr
Developing economies are characterized by limited compliance with government regulations, such as taxation. Resources for enforcement are scarce and audit cases are often selected by bureaucrats in a discretionary manner. We study whether an algorithm drawing on newly digitized data can help improve audit selection. Leveraging a nationwide field experiment in Senegal, we compare audits selected by tax inspectors to audits selected by a risk-scoring algorithm. We find that inspector-selected audits are more likely to be conducted, are similarly likely to detect evasion, and detect higher amounts of evasion. Inspectors prioritize auditing larger firms despite their lower evasion rates. This is consistent with the fact that the return on audits is increasing in firm size.
EPCI (Economie politique du changement institutionnel) Seminar
Du 07/06/2024 de 11:00 à 12:30
MSE, salle du 6e étage
GARCIA-PENALOSA Cecilia (CNRS, Aix Marseille School of Economics, EHESS) )
Female political rights and technological change: Evidence from Switzerland
Brown Bag Economics of Innovation Seminar
Du 07/06/2024 de 10:00 à 12:30
Collège de France (5 rue d'Ulm, 75005)
GALBIATI Roberto(Sciences Po)
WARGON Raphaël(PSE)
Science under Inquisition: The allocation of talent in early modern Europe
Du 06/06/2024 de 16:00 à 17:15
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, salle R2-21
BILAL Adrien (Harvard)
*
Travail et économie publique externe
Du 06/06/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
PSE- 48 boulevard Jourdan, 74014 Paris, salle R2-21
PIIL DAMM Anna (Aarhus University)
Co-Ethnic Neighbors and Assimilation
écrit avec Ahmad Hassani,Trine Skriver Høholt Jensen and Marie Louise Schultz-Nielsen
Economic theory predicts that a common language and culture facilitate social
interaction. The value of assimilation is larger for an individual from a small minority than for one
from a large minority. We test the theory and confirm it by exploiting a natural experiment in
Denmark between 2004 and 2015, when refugee immigrants were assigned to neighborhoods
quasi-randomly and language training was a condition for receiving social assistance. The assigned
share of co-language neighbors reduces the probability of having completed a language course four
years since arrival, irrespective of gender and skills. While the share of neighbors who speak their
native tongue has little impact on the economic success of men, it increases women’s fertility and
reduces their employment probability, earnings, and likelihood of working in communication-
intensive jobs. Moreover, while favorable local labor market conditions improve individual labor
market outcomes, they slow down the language course progression of men. Our results support the
economic theory and have important implications for immigration and integration policies.
Texte intégral
TOM (Théorie, Organisation et Marchés) Lunch Seminar
Du 06/06/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
R1-14
ELMSAUHER Béla (PSE)
Level 0 specification in 3x3 games: an experiment
One regular critic of the level-k model is the level 0 specification, which is often chosen arbitrarily. In this experiment, I present multiple 3x3 games (2 players having 3 possible strategies) to understand what is the most realistic level 0 specification. The most commonly used level 0 specification is the uniform one (i.e. the level 0 plays randomly) and it can be compared to a maxmax level 0 (i.e. the behavior with the highest potential) and to a maxmin level 0. In my experiment these level 0 specifications are also compared to a cooperation strategy. In a pilot session with 62 participants, I found that subjects played quite heterogeneously with the cooperation strategy being played the most often
PEPES (Paris Empirical Political Economics) Working Group
Du 06/06/2024 de 12:30 à 14:00
Science Po
OUSS Aurélie (UPenn)
Conviction, Incarceration, and Recidivism: Understanding the Revolving Door
écrit avec joint with John Eric Humphries, Kamelia Stavreva, Megan Stevenson, and Winnie van Dijk
Noncarceral conviction is a common outcome of criminal court cases: for every individual incarcerated, there are approximately three who are recently convicted but not sentenced to prison or jail. We develop an empirical framework for studying the consequences of noncarceral conviction by extending the binary-treatment judge IV framework to settings with multiple treatments. We outline assumptions under which widely-used 2SLS regressions recover margin-specific treatment effects, relate these assumptions to models of judge decision-making, and derive an expression that provides intuition about the direction and magnitude of asymptotic bias when they are not met. Under the identifying assumptions, we find that noncarceral conviction (relative to dismissal) leads to a large and long-lasting increase in recidivism for felony defendants in Virginia. In contrast, we find that incarceration relative to noncarceral conviction leads to a short-run reduction in recidivism, consistent with incapacitation. %We argue that, while it is unlikely that the assumptions on judge decision-making hold exactly in our data, their violation is unlikely to overturn our qualitative findings regarding the effect of conviction. We argue that failure of the assumptions restricting judge decision making is unlikely to change our qualitative findings regarding the effect of conviction. Lastly, we introduce an alternative empirical strategy, and find that it yields similar estimates. Collectively, our results suggest that noncarceral felony conviction is an important and potentially overlooked driver of recidivism.
Behavior Working Group
Du 06/06/2024 de 10:00 à 11:00
R1.09
GALLEGATI Giacomo (PSE)
GALLEGATI Giacomo (PSE)
Don’t judge the paper by its cover
Biases in the peer review process can result in disparities in how scholarly work is assessed, unfairly affecting the careers and opportunities of researchers. In this paper, we conduct a randomised field experiment to explore the role of affiliation biases in the peer review process of an early career workshop in economics. When affiliation is displayed, we find significant increases in paper grades and the probability of being accepted to the conference
Development Economics Seminar
Du 05/06/2024 de 16:30 à 18:00
R2.01
ANNAN Francis (University of California, Berkeley) Equilibrium Effects of Entry in Digital Financial Markets;
La séance est annulée
Economic History Seminar
Du 05/06/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R2.01
SALEH Mohamed (LSE)
The Glorious Revolution that Wasn't: Rural Elite Conflict and Demand for Democratization
écrit avec Allison Spencer Hartnett
Social conflict theory holds that democratization is most likely when an incumbent rural elite is challenged by a rising urban bourgeoisie. While this framework accounts for historical patterns of democratization in industrializing autocracies in the Global North, it is less well suited to explaining the emergence of democratic demands in agrarian autocracies in the Global South. In this paper, we examine demands for democratization in the Egyptian parliament before the British occupation in 1882. Using a new dataset of MPs and the universe of parliamentary minutes from 1868 to 1882, we use text analysis, differences-in-differences models, and machine learning to test whether rural intra-elite economic conflicts in MP home districts can lead to meaningful calls for democratization in parliament by rural middle class MPs. Our findings suggest that rural intra-elite competition over labor and land catalyzed demands for oversight (constraints) on the executive and issuance of a new constitution from rural middle-class MPs. Although these demands were suppressed by the British occupation in 1882, this study sheds light on how meaningful demands for democratization emerged in an authoritarian parliament in a non-industrialized agricultural economy that is comparable to other cases in the Global South during the first wave of democratization.
Virtual Development Economics Seminar
Du 04/06/2024 de 17:00 à 18:00
Zoom
CATTANEO CRISTINA Orazio ((Yale University and CEPR))
*
Applied Economics Lunch Seminar
Du 04/06/2024 de 12:30 à 13:30
Salle R2.21
OLIVEIRA Florentine (PSE)
Children of the Revolution: Women's Liberation and Children's Success
écrit avec Éric Maurin
In many countries, the late sixties marked a turning point in the history of women’s emancipation, with the liberalization of abortion, the contraceptive pill and divorce. Focusing on France, where the movement was particularly powerful, we show that the first children to have been affected by this revolution were the firstborns of the early 1960s: they grew up much more often in "modern" families (two children max, working mother) than children of higher birth orders born at the same time in other families. However, this sudden change in family environment did not coincide with any decline in their educational achievement.
Roy Seminar (ADRES)
Du 03/06/2024 de 17:00 à 18:30
R1-09
MATEJKA Filip (CERGE-EI)
Thinking versus Doing: Cognitive Capacity, Decision Making and Medical Diagnosis
We study impact of situational factors on decision making of physicians. Using detailed audit log data from emergency rooms, we access how cognitive load during the shift affects future choices of tests as well as the treatment. We draw upon theories of information acquisition to infer how much is physicians' knowledge refined when making a particular choice. For instance, we find that high cognitive load implies that physicians make less informed choices in the future, perhaps choose to think less, and instead substitute this with more orders of diagnostic tests.
Econometrics Seminar
Du 03/06/2024 de 16:15 à 17:30
PSE, room R1-14
HE Junnan (Sciences Po)
Diversified Production and Market Power: Theory and Evidence from Renewables
écrit avec Co-authors: Michele Fioretti and Jorge Tamayo
We show that market power can either exacerbate or mitigate fluctuations in energy prices due to renewable energy availability and provide empirical evidence from the Colombian energy sector, where hydropower generation is prevalent and energy suppliers have a diversified technology portfolio. Incentives to crowding-out rivals make a supplier produce more during a drought if it has access to other technologies with capacities unaffected by the drought. During abundance, instead, access to other technologies reduces a firm’s supply compared to a scenario where these technologies are owned by its rivals, as rivals cannot crowd-out the firm experiencing abundance as easily. Jointly, these two effects create a U-shaped relationship between market concentration and prices when firms have diversified production technologies, which applies more broadly to other industries. Initially, transferring high-cost capacity to a large firm with the most efficient technology lowers prices,
but eventually leads to unilateral price increases.
Régulation et Environnement
Du 03/06/2024 de 12:00 à 13:30
R1-09
METCALFE Robert (University of Southern California)
*A Welfare Analysis of Policies Impacting Climate Change
What are the most effective ways to address climate change? This paper extends and applies the marginal value of public funds (MVPF) framework to help answer this question. We examine around 100 US environmental policy changes studied over the past 25 years. These policies span subsidies (wind, residential solar, electric and hybrid vehicles, vehicle replacement, appliance rebates, weatherization), nudges (marketing and energy conservation), and revenue raisers (fuel taxes, cap and trade). For each policy, we draw upon quasi-experimental or experimental evaluations of causal effects, and translate those estimates into an MVPF. We apply a consistent translation of these behavioral responses into measures of their associated externalities and valuations of those externalities. We also provide a new method for incorporating learning-by-doing spillovers. We then contrast the conclusions from the policy categories with those derived from more traditional cost per ton metrics used in previous literature.